Annual Report 2016 年报 (Stock Code 股份代号：23) Welcome to The Bank of East Asia, Limited’s website 欢迎浏览东亚银行有限公司网站 Corporate Profile 本行简介 Financial Highlights 财务摘要 Five-Year Financial Summary 5年财务概要 Chairman’s Statement 主席报告书 Report of the Chief Executive and Senior Management 行政总裁及高层管理人员报告书 Biographical Details of Directors and Senior Management 董事及高层管理人员的个人资料 Corporate Information 公司资料 List of Outlets 网络一览 Corporate Governance Report 企业管治报告 Corporate Social Responsibility 企业社会责任 Report of the Directors 董事会报告书 Independent Auditor’s Report 独立核数师报告 Financial Statements 财务报表 Unaudited Supplementary Financial Information 未经审核补充财务资料 Glossary 词汇 CONTENTS 目 录 02 03 04 06 12 44 66 70 72 106 120 146 156 306 365 02 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 CORPORATE PROFILE 本 行 简 介 We at BEA strive to provide best in class financial services, always demanding the highest standard of professionalism and integrity of ourselves. With a commitment to quality of service, we focus on satisfying customer needs. We aim to grow, together with our customers, our shareholders and our colleagues. 东亚银行竭力提供最卓越的金融服务，遵行最高之专业和诚信 准则。我们承诺提高服务质素，致力满足客户之需要，并以与 客户、股东、员工与时并进为目标。 Incorporated in 1918, The Bank of East Asia, Limited is Hong Kong’s largest independent local bank with total consolidated assets of HK$765.7 billion (US$98.7 billion) as of 31st December, 2016. Listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong, the Bank is a constituent stock of the Hang Seng Index. BEA is dedicated to providing comprehensive corporate banking, personal banking, wealth management, and investment services to its customers in Hong Kong, Mainland China, and other major markets around the world. The Bank maintains one of the largest retail networks of any bank in Hong Kong, with full-service branches, SupremeGold Centres for high net-worth customers, and innovative, extended hour i-Financial Centres conveniently located throughout the city. In Mainland China, BEA’s wholly-owned subsidiary, The Bank of East Asia (China) Limited operates more than 110 outlets in 44 cities �C one of the most extensive networks of any foreign bank in China. Overseas, the Bank maintains an active presence in Southeast Asia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Worldwide, BEA serves customers through more than 220 outlets and offers rewarding and challenging career opportunities to over 10,000 employees. The BEA Group’s subsidiaries further broaden the Bank’s product offering to meet the increasingly diverse and sophisticated needs of a burgeoning customer base. BEA’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, BEA Life Limited and Blue Cross (Asia-Pacific) Insurance Limited, serve as the Bank’s life insurance and general insurance arms, respectively, and provide a comprehensive range of insurance solutions for individual and corporate customers. The BEA Group strives to be a positive, enabling force in the communities it serves and is committed to long-term sustainable development. The Group integrates social, environmental, ethical, employee, and customer concerns into its business and operations with the aim of aligning the interests of its stakeholders and the society at large. For more information on BEA, please visit your nearest BEA branch or visit the Bank’s homepage at www.hkbea.com. 东亚银行有限公司成立於1918年，现为香港 最大的独立本地银行。於2016年12月31日， 本行的综合资产总额达港币 7,657亿元（ 987 亿美元）。本行於香港联合交易所上市，为恒 生指数成份股之一。 本行一直致力为香港、中国内地，以及世界 其他主要市场的客户，提供全面的企业银 行、个人银行、财富管理和投资服务。 本行为香港拥有最庞大零售网络的银行之 一，分行提供全面的服务，并设有专为高端 客户而设的显卓理财中心。此外，本行亦於 不同地区设立 i-理财中心，为客户提供较传 统分行更长的营业时间及便捷创新的服务。 本行的全资附属公司 ― 东亚银行（中国）有 限公司於内地共 44个城市设有逾 110个网 点，为内地网络最庞大的外资银行之一。 本行於世界各地共设有逾 220个网点，遍布 东南亚、英国和美国。集团现於全球聘用超 过10,000名员工。 此外，本行透过集团附属公司进一步完善业 务范围，提供全面而适切的方案，以配合日 益壮大的客户群之需要。东亚人寿保险有限 公司及蓝十字（亚太）保险有限公司为集团拓 展保险业务，分别承保人寿保险和一般保险 产品，让个人和企业客户享有周全的保障。 东亚银行集团一直致力在所服务的社区成为 一股正面及积极的动力，以推动长远的可持 续发展，本集团将社会、环境、道德、员工 及客户的考虑融入本集团的业务及营运之 中，以符合本集团的其他持份者，乃至广大 社群的利益。 如欲查询更多有关东亚银行的资料，请亲 临就近的东亚银行分行或浏览本行网页： www.hkbea.com。 Our Mission 使命宣言 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 03 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 财 务 摘 要 2016 HK$ Million 港币百万元 2015 HK$ Million 港币百万元 Change 变动 % 百分率 Profitability盈利能力 Total operating income from continuing operations 来自持续经营业务之经营收入总额 14,850 15,8671 - 6.4 Profit attributable to owners of the parent from continuing operations 来自持续经营业务之可归属於本集团股东溢利 3,505 5,3051 - 33.9 Profit attributable to owners of the parent 可归属於本集团股东溢利 3,723 5,522 - 32.6 Balance Sheet Strength 资产负债状况 Total advances to customers and trade bills 客户垫款及贸易票据总额 466,182 461,039 + 1.1 Total assets 资产总额 765,706 781,364 - 2.0 Total deposits 存款总额 564,646 578,020 - 2.3 Total equity 股东权益总额 86,636 85,641 + 1.2 Earnings Per Share and Dividends Per Share 每股盈利及每股股息 Basic earnings from continuing operations 来自持续经营业务之基本盈利 HK$1.12 HK$1.86 - 39.8 Basic earnings 基本盈利 HK$1.21 HK$1.95 - 37.9 Dividends 股息 HK$0.56 HK$0.88 - 36.4 Key Ratios主要比率 Return on average assets 平均资产回报率 0.4% 0.6% Return on average equity 平均股东权益回报率 4.1% 6.6% Cost-to-income ratio from continuing operations 来自持续经营业务之成本对收入比率 56.2% 56.1% Loan to deposit ratio 贷款对存款比率 80.4% 76.4% Impaired loan ratio 减值贷款比率 1.5% 1.1% Average liquidity coverage ratio -first quarter 第一季度 平均流动性覆盖比率 -second quarter 第二季度 -third quarter 第三季度 -fourth quarter 第四季度 151.3% 141.2% 133.5% 137.2% 127.2% 137.5% 132.1% 151.2% Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio 普通股权一级资本比率 12.1% 12.2% Tier 1 capital ratio 一级资本比率 13.5% 13.7% Total capital ratio 总资本比率 17.4% 17.2% 1 Restated重报 04 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 TOTAL EQUITY 股东权益总额 FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY 5 年 财 务 概 要 HK$ Million 港币百万元 HK$ Million 港币百万元 90,000 80,000 800,000 70,000 700,000 60,000 600,000 50,000 500,000 20,000 200,000 10,000 100,000 86,636 30,000 300,000 ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS / TOTAL DEPOSITS / TOTAL ASSETS 客户垫款 / 存款总额 / 资产总额 Advances to Customers 客户垫款 Total Deposits 存款总额 Total Assets 资产总额 40,000 400,000 73,444 61,639 68,234 85,641 441,506 578,020 564,646 454,242 781,364 765,706 443,287 592,582 795,891 350,720 526,140 692,114 405,357 577,900 753,954 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 05 FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY (CONTINUED) 5 年 财 务 概 要（ 续 ） HK$ Million 港币百万元 7,000 6,000 5,000 2,000 1,000 3,723 3,000 PROFIT ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE PARENT 可归属於本集团股东溢利 6,661 FIVE-YEAR COMPARISON 5年比较 2012 HK$ Million 港币百万元 2013 HK$ Million 港币百万元 2014 HK$ Million 港币百万元 2015 HK$ Million 港币百万元 2016 HK$ Million 港币百万元 Total equity 股东权益总额 61,639 68,234 73,444 85,641 86,636 Total deposits 存款总额 526,140 577,900 592,582 578,020 564,646 Advances to customers 客户垫款 350,720 405,357 443,287 441,506 454,242 Total assets 资产总额 692,114 753,954 795,891 781,364 765,706 Loan to deposit ratio 贷款对存款比率 67% 70% 75% 76% 80% Profit attributable to owners of the parent 可归属於本集团股东溢利 6,056 6,613 6,661 5,522 3,723 Earnings per share 每股盈利 HK$2.72 HK$2.78 HK$2.72 HK$1.95 HK$1.21 Dividends per share 每股股息 HK$1.06 HK$1.11 HK$1.11 HK$0.88 HK$0.56 4,000 6,056 6,613 5,522 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 06 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Economic growth in Hong Kong and the Mainland slowed further in 2016. Amidst the generally weak market conditions, the short-term performance of The Bank of East Asia has suffered. Nonetheless, our medium and long-term goals �C to deliver ever more innovative, efficient and reliable financial services for the Greater China market �C are firmly on track. In 2016, The Bank of East Asia Group earned a Profit Attributable to Owners of the Parent of HK$3.72 billion, representing a decline of HK$1.80 billion, or 32.6%, compared to a profit of HK$5.52 billion in 2015. Basic earnings per share stood at HK$1.21. The Board has declared a 2016 second interim dividend of HK$0.28 per share, bringing the dividend for the year to HK$0.56 per share. This represents a dividend pay-out ratio of 46.7%, compared to 46.4% in the previous year. CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT By maintaining the pay-out level, we are demonstrating our commitment to our shareholders, and our confidence in the medium and long-term prospects of this bank. Notably, across the Group, operating income increased by 8.3% in the second half of 2016 compared to the first half, an encouraging sign as we enter 2017. STRATEGY Meeting the challenging operating environment head on, we set clear priorities at the beginning of 2016. At the top of our agenda, we vowed to strengthen oversight of asset quality and implement strict cost control. At the same time, we announced our vision for the 21st century, committing ourselves to a digital banking future. We have made significant progress in most areas during the year. However, market conditions prevented us from achieving all of our goals. Hong Kong asset quality declined, partly due to the fall in the value of the RMB and partly due to other factors. We are working closely with our clients to assist them to adjust to the changing environment. Dr. the Hon. Sir David LI Kwok-po Chairman & Chief Executive 主席兼行政总裁 李国宝爵士 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 07 DIVIDENDS FOR THE LAST 5 YEARS 过往5年股息纪录 主 席 报 告 书 2016年，香港及内地的经济增长进一步放缓，在疲弱 的市场环境下，东亚银行的业务表现短线受到影响。 尽管如此，我们仍稳步实现中期及长期目标，为大中 华市场提供更多创新、高效以及可靠的金融服务。 2016年度，东亚银行集团的可归属於集团股东溢利 为港币 37.2 亿元，较 2015 年的溢利港币 55.2 亿元 减少港币 18亿元，或 32.6%。每股基本盈利为港币 1.21元。 董事会宣布派发 2016年度第二次中期股息每股港币 0.28元，全年派发股息合共每股港币0.56元，派息比 率为46.7%，而前一年的派息比率为46.4%。 我们维持派息比率水平，反映我们对股东的承诺，以 及对本行中长期前景的信心。 值得一提的是，2016年下半年集团整体的经营收入较 上半年上升8.3%，为踏入2017年展现良好的势头。 策略 面对充满挑战的经营环境，我们在 2016年初已就工 作重点订立明确的优先次序。我们的首要任务，是要 切实加强监控资产质素，并严格控制成本。同时，我 们亦宣布了21世纪的愿景，致力发展数码化银行。 年内，我们在多方面均取得重要的进展，惟市场环境 令我们未能达致所有目标。 受到人民币贬值及其他因素影响，香港的资产质素下 降。我们与客户保持紧密连系，以协助他们适应不断 变化的环境。 HK$ Million 港币百万元 3,000 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 2,500 2,306 2,315 1,508 2,531 2,597 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 08 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED) While the credit situation on the Mainland remains difficult, we are hopeful that the position has stabilised. The gross impaired loan formation rate at BEA China has declined year on year. As highlighted last year, we have established a special asset management team to manage and recover the BEA China impaired loan portfolio more proactively. We are reducing our exposure to underperforming sectors of the Mainland economy, including wholesale and retail, hotels and manufacturing. In order to further offset risk, we are developing new business opportunities in priority sectors of the economy that are receiving favourable treatment from the Central Government. We doubled our aggregate loan balance to these priority industries in 2016. REDUCING COSTS At the start of 2016 we announced a three-year costreduction campaign. We achieved 40% of our three-year plan during the first year, although the cost savings will only be fully reflected in our results in the coming years. In Hong Kong, progress has been achieved in three main areas: Business realignment, operations excellence and streamlining the branch network. As part of the business realignment exercise, we closed all East Asia Securities retail outlets and migrated broking clients to our digital, mobile and telephone service channels. We are actively managing our Hong Kong deposit base in order to reduce the cost of funding. Through targeted marketing, we raised our average current and savings account ratio by some three percentage points during the past year. We have also made significant strides in reducing costs at BEA China. Largely through managed attrition, our Mainland subsidiary reduced its workforce by about 10% in 2016. As announced last year, BEA China is merging subbranches on the Mainland in order to improve branch efficiency. Our Mainland subsidiary achieved its targets for 2016, combining nine sub-branches. The cost savings will start to become more apparent in 2017, as further rationalisation of the Mainland branch network continues. BEA China has also targeted funding costs, lowering the cost of deposits by adjusting its deposit structure. Going forward, BEA China will further expand cooperation with internet finance partners in order to reach a larger customer base without the need for substantial fixed investment, and to chart a new growth path for future development in the new economy. DIGITAL BANKING We remain on track to roll out the digital branch model across Hong Kong by the end of 2017. By embracing digital technology in our branches and by expanding our online services, we have been able to reduce floor space and streamline our branch network while improving services to our customers. Moreover, with transactions moved to our digital channels, our staff can spend more time advising clients on financial management, thus increasing product sales and contributing to our goal of earning more fee income. In the second half of 2017, we will introduce an expanded mobile banking platform in Hong Kong, incorporating stock trading, enhanced credit-card services and personal loan services. We also plan enhancements to our Corporate Cyberbanking platform, providing even tighter integration with our client’s needs. In addition, we will debut a new online securities trading service for our Hong Kong Private Banking customers. 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 09 主 席 报 告 书（ 续 ） 纵使内地的信贷环境依然严峻，有关情况可望已稳定 下来。东亚中国的总减值贷款形成率按年亦录得下 跌。正如去年所述，我们设立了一个特别的资产管理 小组，积极处理及追收东亚中国的不良贷款组合。 我们正减少对内地经济表现欠佳的行业，包括批发及 零售、酒店及制造业的借贷。为了进一步抵御风险， 我们与一些受中央政府支持之优势产业发展新的商 机。2016年，我们对这些优势产业的贷款余额增加了 一倍。 减低成本 於 2016年初，我们公布了一项为期 3年的减省成本 计划。虽然节省成本的效益将於未来几年的业绩中才 能反映出来，但我们於首年已达致该 3年计划的 4成 目标。 在香港，包括业务重整、卓越营运和精简分行网络的 3个主要范畴已取得进展。作为业务重整的一部分， 我们关闭了东亚证券的全部零售网点，并引导证券客 户使用我们的电子、手机及电话服务渠道。 我们积极管理香港的存款基础，以减低资金成本。透 过目标市场营销，我们在过去一年将平均往来及储蓄 账户的比率提高了约3个百分点。 我们在降低东亚中国的成本方面亦取得重大进展。东 亚中国 2016年的员工人数减少约 10%，主要是透过 人手自然流失。 正如去年所公布，东亚中国会透过合并内地的支行， 以提升分行效率。2016年已合并9间支行，达致其年 度的既定目标。随着进一步将内地分行网络精简，成 本减省的效益将在2017年进一步显现。 东亚中国亦针对资金成本，透过调整存款结构以降低 存款成本。 展望未来，东亚中国将进一步扩大与互联网金融夥 伴的合作，藉此在不需要大量固定投资的情况下接 触更庞大的客户群，并为新兴经济的未来发展制定 新的路向。 数码银行 我们如期落实於 2017年底前把全港分行数码化的计 划。透过应用崭新科技和发展网上服务，我们得以 在减少分行的楼面面积和优化分行网络的同时，进 一步提升客户服务。同时，随着交易量逐渐转移至 数码渠道，我们的员工得以利用更多时间为客户提 供理财建议，从而增加产品销售，以助达致提升费 用收入的目标。 在 2017年下半年，我们将会进一步扩展本港的流动 应用平台，不仅整合股票买卖服务，更会提升信用卡 及个人贷款服务。我们亦计划加强企业电子网络银行 平台，务求更能迎合客户所需。同时，我们将会推出 为香港私人银行客户而设的网上股票买卖服务。 10 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 OVERSEAS In 2016, our overseas offices benefitted from strong interest in investment in Great Britain and the United States by local and Mainland clients. In 2017, our overseas branches will further enhance collaboration with BEA China and the Bank Group’s strategic partners. More emphasis will be placed on corporate and syndication loans, while we will be selective in advancing retail customer loans. TRICOR HOLDINGS On 5th October, 2016, the Bank announced the disposal of Tricor Holdings for a cash consideration of HK$6,470 million. The disposal is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2017. This will lead to a notable enhancement in the capital strength of the Bank Group. At the end of December 2016, our Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio stood at 12.1%. OUTLOOK Looking ahead, we will redouble our efforts to serve the advanced sectors of the economy and will carry forward our medium and long-term goals by pursuing digital transformation, further improving efficiency, and drawing increased value from our unique China franchise. For 2017, we aim to increase non-interest income, mainly from treasury, insurance and wealth management operations. By enhancing our online services, we aim to become a partner in the daily activities of our customers. Our smartphone app will become an ever-more handy tool throughout the day. We are cautiously optimistic that loan demand will improve in most markets in 2017, even as US interest rates rise. Higher interest rates should benefit our business in Hong Kong, where we are a net lender to the Interbank market. Barring unforeseen events, we expect asset quality to stabilise in the coming year. Meanwhile, the tightening global regulatory environment will require greater allocation of resources to risk management and compliance, as well as a more conservative attitude to capital planning. As we navigate this challenging period, we are taking all possible measures to strengthen our franchise. We are investing time and resources, and leveraging our unique China platform, in order to meet the increasingly sophisticated needs of retail and corporate banking clients. In closing, I take great pleasure in thanking our Bank’s Board of Directors and the directors of our subsidiaries and associated companies for their invaluable advice and support during the past year. I also thank the management and staff of BEA for their commitment, and I look forward to further progress in achieving our strategic goals during the coming year. The support of our overseas banking partners, in particular CaixaBank and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp, provides us with a competitive advantage in the marketplace, and I am very grateful to them for their close cooperation with us. I also extend my grateful thanks to our shareholders and customers for their longstanding loyalty and confidence in this Bank. David LI Kwok-po Chairman & Chief Executive Hong Kong, 17th February, 2017 CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 11 海外业务 2016年，我们的海外办事处受惠於当地及中国内地客 户对投资於英国及美国的浓厚兴趣。2017年，我们的 海外分行将进一步加强与东亚中国和本集团策略夥伴 的合作，主力拓展企业及银团贷款，并会选择性地为 零售客户提供借贷。 卓佳集团 於2016年10月5日，本行宣布以港币64.70亿元的现 金作价，出售卓佳集团股权。此项出售交易预计将於 2017年第一季完成，届时本集团的资本基础将得以进 一步增强。 於2016年12月底，我们的普通股权一级资本比率达 12.1%。 展望 展望未来，我们将加倍支持经济环节中发展较佳的行 业，并推进中长期的数码化策略，进一步提升效率， 令我们独特的中国业务平台能体现更高的价值。 2017年，我们会致力通过发展财资、保险和财富管理 业务，增加非利息收入。 透过提升网上服务，我们旨在成为客户日常生活中的 夥伴。我们的手机应用程式，将成为客户生活上一个 便捷的工具。 即使美国利率上升，我们对 2017年大部分市场的贷 款需求能复苏感到审慎乐观。我们是香港银行同业市 场中的净贷出者，较高的利率对我们本港业务有利。 除非出现不可预料的情况，我们预期资产质素在未来 一年将可稳定下来。 然而，全球的监管环境日益严格，将导致我们在风险 管理和合规方面投入更多资源，以及在资本规划方面 采取更保守的态度。 面对当前的困难时期，我们竭尽所能，进一步强化业 务基础。我们投入大量的时间和资源，利用我们独特 的中国业务平台，致力满足零售和企业客户对银行服 务不断提高的要求。 最後，我对本行、附属和联营公司的各董事表达由衷 的谢意，感谢他们在过去一年给予的宝贵意见和支 持。同时，我亦感谢东亚银行的管理团队和各同事所 付出的努力，并期望未来一年在实现策略目标方面能 取得进一步的成果。 我们的海外业务夥伴，特别是 CaixaBank和三井住友 银行的支持，令我们在市场中拥有竞争优势，我衷心 感谢他们的紧密合作。我亦对股东和客户对本行的长 期支持和信心表示谢意。 主席兼行政总裁 李 国 宝 香港，2017年2月17日 主 席 报 告 书（ 续 ） | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT 12 FINANCIAL REVIEW Financial Performance For the year 2016, the Group achieved a profit attributable to owners of the parent of HK$3,723 million, representing a decrease of HK$1,799 million or 32.6%, compared with the HK$5,522 million earned in 2015. On 5th October, 2016, The Bank of East Asia, Limited; NWS Holdings Limited; and East Asia Secretaries (BVI) Limited entered into an agreement to sell all issued shares of Tricor Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Tricor Group”) to Trivium Investment Limited for a total consideration of HK$6,470 million. In accordance with Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standard 5 �C Noncurrent Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, the Group is required to report Tricor Group’s operating results for 2016 separately as discontinued operations in the consolidated income statement, with comparative information re-presented. Tricor Group’s assets and liabilities as at 31st December, 2016 are presented separately as assets held for sale and liabilities held for sale, respectively, in the consolidated financial statements. Restatement of assets and liabilities as at 31st December, 2015 is not required. The Bank expects completion of the disposal to occur during the first quarter of 2017. The following are the key figures for continuing and discontinued operations. Profit attributable to owners of the parent from continuing operations and discontinued operations amounted to HK$3,505 million and HK$218 million, respectively, representing a decrease of HK$1,800 million, or 33.9%, and an increase of HK$1 million, or 0.1%, as compared to 2015. Basic earnings per share from continuing operations fell from HK$1.86 in 2015 to HK$1.12 in 2016, and basic earnings per share fell from HK$1.95 in 2015 to HK$1.21 in 2016. Return on average assets and return on average equity fell from 0.6% to 0.4%, and from 6.6% to 4.1%, respectively. During 2016, the Group’s net interest income from continuing operations decreased by HK$831 million, or 7.0%, to HK$11,098 million. Net interest margin narrowed from 1.66% in 2015 to 1.60% in 2016, largely due to pressure on BEA China’s net interest margin, which decreased from 1.82% to 1.65%. Net fee and commission income from continuing operations decreased by HK$312 million, or 10.7%, to HK$2,593 million. Commission income from credit cards and custodian businesses grew, whereas income from securities and brokerage, trade finance, loans and guarantees, and retail banking services declined. Net trading and hedging results from continuing operations increased by HK$178 million, or 93.9%, to HK$366 million. Overall, non-interest income from continuing operations decreased by 4.7% to HK$3,752 million. Operating income from continuing operations decreased by 6.4% to HK$14,850 million. Total operating expenses from continuing operations fell by 6.3% to HK$8,342 million. The cost-to-income ratio increased from 56.1% in 2015 to 56.2% in 2016 whereas the same ratio fell from 59.4% in the first half to 53.2% in the second half of 2016. Operating profit before impairment losses from continuing operations was HK$6,508 million, a decrease of HK$455 million, or 6.5%, when compared to 2015. Due to the persistently weak economic environment, impairment losses on loans and receivables from continuing operations grew by 70.4% to HK$3,462 million. The Group’s impaired loan ratio rose from 1.13% at the end of 2015 to 1.49% at the end of 2016. The impaired loan ratios of Hong Kong Operations and China Operations rose from 0.34% to 1.03% and from 2.44% to 2.64%, respectively. Operating profit after impairment losses from continuing operations was HK$3,045 million, a decrease of HK$1,870 million, or 38.0%. Net profit on the sale of available-for-sale financial assets from continuing operations fell to HK$92 million. The year-on-year comparison was impacted by a net profit of HK$146 million on the disposal of the Bank’s stake in a property development and management joint venture in Mainland China in 2015. Net profit on disposal of fixed assets from continuing operations included a net gain of HK$888 million on certain properties in Mainland China. Associated land value-added tax and corporate income tax on the disposal, which amounted to HK$427 million, is included in Income Tax. Valuation gains on investment properties from continuing operations decreased to HK$62 million. 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书 13 财务回顾 财务表现 2016年，本集团录得可归属於集团股东溢利达港币 37.23 亿元，较 2015 年的港币 55.22 亿元减少港币 17.99亿元或32.6%。 2016年 10月 5日，东亚银行有限公司、新创建集团 有限公司及 East Asia Secretaries (BVI) Limited签订了 一 份 协 议， 向 Trivium Investment Limited 出 售 Tricor Holdings Limited及其附属公司（统称为「卓佳集团」） 的全部已发行股份，作价为港币64.70亿元。根据《香 港财务报告准则》第5号「持作出售非流动资产及已终 止经营业务」，本集团须於综合收益表中将卓佳集团 2016年的经营业绩呈列为已终止经营业务，而可比较 资料亦相应重新列示。卓佳集团於2016年12月31日 的资产及负债在综合财务报表中分别以持有作出售资 产及持有作出售负债列示。2015年12月31日的资产 及负债毋须重列。本行预期有关出售将於 2017年首 季完成。 以下为来自持续经营业务及已终止经营业务的重要 数据。 来自持续经营业务及已终止经营业务的可归属於集团 股东溢利分别为港币35.05亿元及港币2.18亿元，较 2015年分别减少港币 18亿元或 33.9%，及增加港币 100万元或0.1%。 来自持续经营业务的每股基本盈利由 2015年的港币 1.86元下降至 2016年的港币 1.12元，而每股基本盈 利则由 2015年的港币 1.95元减少至 2016年的港币 1.21元。 平均资产回报率及平均股东权益回报率分别由 0.6% 下降至0.4%及由6.6%下降至4.1%。 於 2016年，本集团来自持续经营业务的净利息收入 减少港币8.31亿元或7.0%，至港币110.98亿元。净 息差由2015年的1.66%收窄至2016年的1.60%，主 要受到东亚中国的净息差受压影响，由1.82%下跌至 1.65%。 来自持续经营业务的服务费及佣金收入净额减少港 币 3.12 亿元或 10.7%，至港币 25.93 亿元。信用卡 及托管业务的佣金收入录得增长，而证券及经纪、 贸易融资、贷款及担保以及零售银行服务的佣金收 入则减少。 来自持续经营业务的交易及对冲的净额增加港币1.78 亿元或93.9%，至港币3.66亿元。整体而言，来自持 续经营业务的非利息收入减少 4.7%至港币 37.52亿 元。来自持续经营业务的经营收入则减少 6.4%至港 币148.5亿元。 来自持续经营业务的总经营支出下降 6.3%，至港币 83.42亿元。成本对收入比率从2015年的56.1%上升 至2016年的56.2%，而同一比率则从2016上半年的 59.4%下降至下半年的53.2%。 来自持续经营业务的未扣除减值损失之经营溢利为 港币 65.08 亿元，较 2015 年减少港币 4.55 亿元， 或 6.5%。 由於经济环境持续疲弱，来自持续经营业务的贷款及 应收账减值损失上升70.4%至港币34.62亿元。本集 团的减值贷款比率从2015年底的1.13%上升至2016 年底的1.49%。香港及中国业务的减值贷款比率由分 别0.34%上升至1.03%，以及2.44%上升至2.64%。 来自持续经营业务的扣除减值损失後之经营溢利为港 币30.45亿元，减少港币18.7亿元，或38.0%。 来自持续经营业务的出售可供出售金融资产之净溢利 减至港币9,200万元。按年比较数字乃受2015年出售 本行於中国内地一间物业发展及管理合营公司股份所 得的净溢利港币1.46亿元所影响。 来自持续经营业务的出售固定资产的净溢利中，包括 出售若干中国内地物业的净盈利港币8.88亿元。因该 项出售而产生的土地增值税及企业所得税则包括在所 得税项内，金额为港币4.27亿元。 来自持续经营业务的投资物业估值收益减少至港币 6,200万元。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 14 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 The Group shared after-tax profits from associates of HK$431 million from continuing operations, a decrease of HK$125 million, or 22.5% compared to 2015, mainly due to weaker economic performance. After accounting for income taxes, profit after taxation from continuing operations fell to HK$3,525 million, a decrease of 33.9% compared to the HK$5,336 million recorded in 2015. Financial Position Total consolidated assets of the Group stood at HK$765,706 million at the end of 2016, a decrease of 2.0% over the HK$781,364 million at the end of 2015. Gross advances to customers rose by 2.9% to HK$454,242 million. However, trade bills negotiated fell by 38.9% to HK$11,939 million, mainly due to a significant contraction in cross-border trade business. Cash, balances, and placements with banks and other financial institutions decreased by 26.8% to HK$109,772 million, whereas available for sale financial assets increased by 18.1% to HK$110,491 million. Total equity increased to HK$86,636 million, up 1.2%. Total deposits from customers fell by 0.9% to HK$535,789 million. Of the total, demand deposits and current account balances increased by HK$1,841 million, or 2.5%; savings deposits increased by HK$13,130 million, or 11.6%; and time deposits decreased by HK$19,925 million, or 5.6%. Total deposit funds, comprising deposits from customers and all certificates of deposit issued, fell by 2.3% to HK$564,646 million. The loan-to-deposit ratio stood at 80.4% at the end of 2016, compared to 76.4% at the end of 2015. The total capital ratio, tier 1 ratio, and common equity tier 1 ratio were 17.4%, 13.5%, and 12.1%, respectively, as at 31st December, 2016. The average liquidity coverage ratio for the quarter ended 31st December, 2016 was 137.2%, which was well above the statutory limit of 70% for the year 2016. RATINGS S&P Global Ratings The Bank of East Asia, Limited Long-term Counterparty Credit (local and foreign currency) A Short-term Counterparty Credit (local and foreign currency) A-1 Outlook Negative The Bank of East Asia (China) Limited Long-term Counterparty Credit (local and foreign currency) A Short-term Counterparty Credit (local and foreign currency) A-1 Outlook Negative Moody’s Investor Service The Bank of East Asia, Limited Long-term Bank Deposit (local and foreign currency) A3 Short-term Bank Deposit (local and foreign currency) Prime-2 Outlook Negative The negative outlook mainly reflects anticipated weaker operating conditions and potentially lower levels of government support, given the likelihood that Hong Kong will adopt a bail-in resolution regime. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 15 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 OPERATING INCOME VS OPERATING EXPENSES (FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS) 经营收入及经营支出（来自持续经营业务） 4,000 8,000 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 2,000 6,000 10,000 Operating Income from Continuing Operations 来自持续经营业务之经营收入 Operating Expenses from Continuing Operations 来自持续经营业务之经营支出 HK$ Million 港币百万元 9,053 8,904 8,342 15,867 14,850 17,089 8,001 14,060 8,805 16,183 来自持续经营业务的集团应占联营公司之除税後溢利 为港币 4.31亿元，较 2015年减少港币 1.25亿元，或 22.5%，主要由於经济表现欠佳。 经计及所得税後，来自持续经营业务的除税後溢利降 至港币35.25亿元，较2015年录得港币 53.36亿元下 降33.9%。 财务状况 於2016年底，本集团综合资产总额较2015年底的港 币7,813.64亿元减少2.0%，至港币7,657.06亿元。 客户垫款总额上升 2.9%至港币 4,542.42亿元，而贸 易票据贴现则减少 38.9%至港币 119.39亿元，主要 由於跨境贸易业务显着萎缩。 现金、结存及在银行及其他金融机构的存款下跌 26.8%，至港币1,097.72亿元，而可供出售金融资产 则上升18.1%至港币1,104.91亿元。 股东权益总额增加1.2%至港币866.36亿元。 客户存款总额减少 0.9%，至港币 5,357.89亿元。其 中，活期存款和往来存款账户结余增加港币18.41亿 元，升幅为 2.5%；储蓄存款增加港币 131.30亿元， 升幅为11.6%；而定期存款则减少港币199.25亿元， 减幅为 5.6%。包括客户存款及所有已发行存款证的 存款总额减少2.3%至港币5,646.46亿元。 於2016年底，贷款对存款比率为80.4%，而2015年 底则为76.4%。 於 2016 年 12月 31日，总资本比率、一级资本比率 及普通股权一级资本比率分别为 17.4%、13.5% 及 12.1%。截至 2016 年 12 月 31 日止季度的平均流动 性覆盖比率为 137.2%，远高於 2016年 70%的法定 限额。 评级 标普全球评级 东亚银行有限公司 长期交易对手信贷（港元及外币） A 短期交易对手信贷（港元及外币） A-1 前景 负面 东亚银行（中国）有限公司 长期交易对手信贷（港元及外币） A 短期交易对手信贷（港元及外币） A-1 前景 负面 穆迪投资服务 东亚银行有限公司 长期银行存款（港元及外币） A3 短期银行存款（港元及外币） Prime-2 前景 负面 负面的评级展望主要反映预期较弱的经营情况及可能 较低的政府支持水平，监於香港可能会采用自救处置 机制。 1 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 11 4 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 16 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 MAJOR RECOGNITION 主要荣誉与奖项 The Bank of East Asia, Limited 东亚银行有限公司 1 “Best Managed Bank in Hong Kong 2016” - The Asian Banker 2016年「香港最佳管理银行」奖 - 《亚洲银行家》杂志 2 “Best Bank in Hong Kong 2016” - Global Finance 「 2016香港最佳银行」 - 《全球金融》杂志 3 “Hong Kong Outstanding Enterprises 2016” - Economic Digest 「香港杰出企业2016」 - 《经济一周》 4 “HK 50+ Award �C Banking” - Christian Family Service Centre 「 HK50+我最喜爱的银行品牌」 - 基督教家庭服务中心 5 “Quamnet Outstanding Enterprise Award 2015 �C Outstanding SME Service Provider (Bank)” (for the third consecutive year) - Quam (H.K.) Limited 「华富财经杰出企业大奖2015 ― 杰出中小企业服务机构 （银行）」（连续第3年获奖） - 华富财经（香港）有限公司 6 “Outstanding Corporate Banking Services Award 2015” (for the third consecutive year) and “Outstanding Corporate Banking Renminbi Services Award” (for the third consecutive year) - Wen Wei Po 「 2015年度杰出企业银行业务奖」（连续第 3年获奖）及 「杰出企业银行人民币服务奖」（连续第3年获奖） - 《文汇报》 7 “Outstanding Import and Export Industry Partner Award” (for the third consecutive year) - The Hong Kong Chinese Importers’ & Exporters’ Association 「进出口企业合作夥伴大奖」（连续第3年获奖） - 香港中华出入口商会 8 “2016 Best SME’s Partner Award” (for the ninth consecutive year) - The Hong Kong General Chamber of Small and Medium Business 「 2016中小企业最佳拍档奖」（连续第9年获奖） - 香港中小型企业总商会 9 “The 10th Hong Kong Institute of Bankers Outstanding Financial Management Planner Award �C Top Nominations Award” - Hong Kong Institute of Bankers and BENCHMARK Magazine 「 第十届香港银行学会杰出财富管理师大奖 ― 最佳提名 机构奖」 - 香港银行学会及《指标》杂志 10 “Best Mobile Banking �C Hong Kong 2016” - International Finance Magazine 「 2016香港最佳流动理财」 - 《国际金融杂志》 11 “Best FinTech Grand Award”, “Best FinTech (Banking and Insurance) Gold Award”, and “Best Mobile Apps (Consumer Solutions) Gold Award” - Hong Kong ICT Awards 2016 「最佳金融科技大奖」、「最佳金融科技（银行与保险）金 奖」及「最佳流动应用程式（消费方案）金奖」 - 「 2016香港资讯及通讯科技奖」 12 “The Best Digital Branch” in the e-Brand Awards 2016 - Hong Kong Economic Times 「 e -世代品牌大奖2016」之「最佳智能数码分行」 - 《香港经济日报》 13 “Excellence Award in e-Banking” and “Outstanding Performance in Digital Innovation” in the Financial Institution Awards 2016 - Bloomberg Businessweek Chinese Edition 「金融机构大奖2016」之电子理财「卓越大奖」及数码创 新服务「杰出大奖」 - 《彭博商业周刊/中文版》 22 23 24 25 17 18 20 21 15 16 14 19 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 17 14 “The Best Travel Card Programme Launched in 2015 in Hong Kong �C BEA Flyer World MasterCard”, “The Highest Growth of Open Cards in 2015 in Hong Kong �C Winner”, “The Highest Market Share of Contactless Spending in 2015 in Hong Kong” and “The Highest Market Share of Super Premium Card Spending in 2015 in Hong Kong �C 2nd Runner Up” - MasterCard Worldwide 「 2015年度香港区最佳旅游信用卡 ― Flyer World万事达 卡」、「 2015年度香港区最高增长开卡量 ― 金奖」、「 2015 年度香港区感应式信用卡消费最高市场占有率」及「 2015 年度香港区尊贵信用卡消费最高市场占有率 ― 铜奖」 - 万事达卡国际组织 15 “2015 Exclusive Year-round Promotion Platform” - UnionPay International 「 2015全年独家信用卡推广优惠平台」 - 银联国际 The Bank of East Asia (China) Limited 东亚银行（中国）有限公司 16 “2015 China Internet Financial Innovation Award” (for BEA China’s Electronic Banking Business) - Internet Society of China, Internet Finance Working Committee of ISC, China Electronic Finance Industry Alliance 「 2015年度中国互联网金融创新奖」（电子渠道理财业务） - 中国互联网协会、中国互联网协会互联网金融工作委 员会、中国电子金融产业联盟 17 “Best Social Media Project” in The Asian Banker’s China Country Awards for 2016 (for BEA China’s services provided via the WeChat platform) - The Asian Banker 2016年亚洲银行家中国奖项计划之「最佳社交媒体应用」 （透过东亚中国手机银行应用程式及微信平台提供之服务） - 《亚洲银行家》 18 “Best Brand-building Foreign Bank” in 2016 �C Golden-shell Award of China - 21st Century Business Herald 「 2016中国资产管理金贝奖」之「最佳品牌建设外资银行」 - 《 21世纪经济报导》 19 “Best Wealth Management Bank” in the 7th Golden Tripod Award - National Business Daily 第七届「金鼎奖」之「卓越财富管理银行」 - 《每日经济新闻》 20 “2016 Institutional Contribution Award” in the Annual Shanghai Financial Institutions Awards Programme - Shanghai Banking Association 上海银行同业年度奖项之「 2016年度机构贡献奖」 - 上海市银行同业公会 Blue Cross (Asia-Pacific) Insurance Limited 蓝十字（亚太）保险有限公司 21 “The Most Favourite Travel Insurance Company Award 2016” (for the twelfth consecutive year) - Weekend Weekly Magazine 「 2016最受欢迎旅游保险公司」（连续第12年获奖） - 《新假期》杂志 Credit Gain Finance Company Limited 领达财务有限公司 22 “Metro Awards for Banking and Finance Corporations 2016 �C The Best Brand in Loans” (for the fifth consecutive year) - Metro PROSPERITY Magazine 「都市盛世银行及金融服务企业奖2016 ― 最佳信贷财务 服务」（连续第5年获奖） - 《都市盛世》杂志 23 “Capital Weekly Service Awards 2016 �C Finance Service” (for the fourth consecutive year) - Capital Weekly Magazine 「 2016资本壹周服务大奖」之「信贷财务服务大奖」（连续 第4年获奖） - 《资本壹周》杂志 BEA Union Investment Management Limited 东亚联丰投资管理有限公司 24 “The Asset Benchmark Research 2016 �C One of the Top Investment Houses in Asian Local Currency Bonds �C Hong Kong” - The Asset 「 2016年度财资基准研究 ― 亚洲本地货币债券最佳投资 公司之一（香港）」 - 《财资杂志》 25 “Best Bond Fund, Asia Pacific, Local Currency” (for the 3-year performance of the BEA Union Investment Asian Bond and Currency Fund) - Lipper Fund Awards Programme 2016 Hong Kong 「最佳亚太区债券基金（本地货币）」（按东亚联丰亚洲债 券及货币基金过往3年业绩） - 「理柏基金香港年奖2016」 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 18 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 BUSINESS REVIEW Global economic growth remained soft during 2016. While the United States economy enjoyed continued strength, economic performance in Europe and China was disappointing. With weak external demand, Hong Kong’s exports fell by 0.5% in 2016. Growth in private consumption moderated as the pace of employment creation slowed. Tourist spending remained weak throughout the year, dragging retail sales down by 8.1% year on year in 2016. Nevertheless, the unemployment rate remained steady at 3.3% to 3.4% throughout the year. Residential property prices climbed by 7.6% in 2016. In the fourth quarter, the government introduced new cooling measures to dampen demand and contain prices. Overall, the Hong Kong economy expanded at a lacklustre 1.4% pace in the first three quarters of 2016. On the Mainland, investment growth moderated as China put the brakes on credit growth in order to address concerns about overleveraging. The export sector continued to face headwinds as demand from European and emerging markets remained subdued. Slowing growth also dragged down consumer spending. Meanwhile, rising property prices offered some respite from the gloom. Rapid development in the internet sector has also provided growth momentum. Looking ahead to 2017, the US economy is expected to perform well, while Europe and Japan will underperform. Meanwhile, all eyes are on the new Trump administration for any policy changes that may impact global markets. The Chinese government will remain preoccupied with structural development issues, and will manage the economy with the aim of encouraging sustainable growth. Consumer demand will remain muted. The Chinese economy is likely to grow by 6.7% in 2017, with inflation at around 2%. In Hong Kong, exports will be adversely affected on two fronts: by the challenges facing China’s export industries and by the strong US dollar. Meanwhile, higher US interest rates and a likely correction in the property market will weigh on consumer confidence. Gross domestic product growth is forecast to average 1.4% for 2017, while the inflation rate will average at 2.4%. Business �C Hong Kong The aggregate value of all customer loans and trade bills of BEA in Hong Kong was 5.1% higher at the end of December 2016 compared to the end of 2015. Customer loans alone rose by 7.1% year on year. Meanwhile, debt investments increased by 26.6%, while customer deposits rose by 4.1%. Corporate and Commercial Banking Corporate Banking faced a challenging year in 2016. Both net interest income and net fee and commission income fell, leading to a 17.8% decline in operating income compared to 2015. Slower Mainland growth, a declining RMB and challenging economic conditions in Hong Kong weighed on the local SME sector. Impaired loans rose, although most of the related lending is backed by assets. Competition for lending to local blue-chips remains intense, and pricing has continued to tighten as a result. However, the recent pay down in trade bills gave the Bank room to increase lending to quality Mainland corporates, as they sought to expand and invest abroad. Such lending generally offered higher returns. Overall, the Hong Kong corporate loan and trade bills portfolio rose by 3.9% in 2016. Holdings of high-quality corporate notes and bonds also grew, by 25.5%. In light of the challenging environment, the Bank is focussing on expanding relationships with certain target customers. Improvements are being made to services that support client business growth, including cash management and trade and working capital solutions. Enhancements to the Corporate Cyberbanking platform are also planned in order to encourage customers to migrate their transactions online, saving branch resources and increasing customer satisfaction. Looking ahead to 2017, there are uncertainties over Sino-US relations, the impact of US rate hikes, and the consequences of Mainland curbs on capital outflows. It is therefore likely that volatility will increase in the months ahead. Despite this instability, BEA remains committed to its proven dual-platform model as a key driver for future growth. The Bank will continue to work closely with BEA China to source new opportunities for cross-border business. In January 2016, more than 650 corporate and personal customers attended BEA’s annual Economic and Market Outlook seminar. 2016年1月，逾650位企业和 个人客户出席了东亚银行的年度 「经济及市场展望研讨会」。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 19 业务回顾 2016年，全球经济增长持续疲软。纵使美国经济维持 强势，欧洲及中国的经济表现却令人失望。 由 於 外 部 需 求 疲 弱， 本 港 的 出 口 於 2016 年 下 跌 0.5%。受创造就业机会的步伐减慢拖累，私人消费增 长放缓。访港旅客消费全年表现疲弱，2016年，零售 销售按年下跌8.1%，而失业率则全年维持在3.3%至 3.4%的稳定水平。 住宅物业价格於 2016年上涨 7.6%。於第 4季度，政 府推出新的降温措施，以抑制需求及控制价格。 整体而言，香港经济於 2016 年首 3 季度小幅增长 1.4%。 内地方面，为解决过度杠杆问题，中国放慢信贷增长 步伐，导致投资增长放缓。由於来自欧洲及新兴市场 的需求疲弱不振，内地出口行业仍面临不利形势。经 济增长放慢亦拖累消费开支。然而，物业价格上升， 成为低迷市况下的一个亮点。互联网行业的急速发展 亦成为增长动力。 展望 2017年，美国经济有望录得理想表现，但欧洲 及日本的经济表现则不容乐观。同时，全球目光均聚 焦於特朗普新政府，关注其施行的政策对全球市场会 否造成影响。 中国政府将继续专注解决结构性发展问题，并将妥善 管理经济环境，以鼓励可持续增长。消费者需求将持 续低迷。2017年中国经济有望增长6.7%，而通胀率 将回落至2%。 香港方面，出口将面对两个不利局面：中国出口行业 面对的挑战及美元强势。与此同时，美国利率上升以 及物业市场可能面临的调整，将会削弱消费者信心。 预计2017年本地生产总值平均增长率为1.4%，通胀 率平均为2.4%。 香港业务 於2016年12月31日，东亚银行香港的客户贷款及贸 易票据总额较2015年底上升5.1%，而客户贷款则按 年增长 7.1%。年内，债券投资增长 26.6%，客户存 款亦增加4.1%。 企业及商业银行 企业银行业务於 2016年经历了极富挑战性的一年。 净利息收入与服务费及佣金收入净额均录得跌幅，以 致经营收入较2015年下跌17.8%。 内地增长放缓，人民币贬值，加上本港经济形势严 峻，令本地中小企业经营困难。虽然大部分相关贷款 均有资产作抵押，但减值贷款仍有所增加。 同业间争相向本地蓝筹企业贷款，激烈竞争导致息差 持续受压。然而，近期贸易票据减少让本行得以增加 向优质内地企业提供融资，配合其在海外拓展业务及 投资的需要，相关贷款一般回报较高。整体而言，本 港企业贷款及贸易票据组合於2016年上升3.9%，优 质企业票据及债券持有量亦增长25.5%。 面对艰难的经营环境，本行专注深化与目标客户的关 系，现正在现金管理、贸易及营运资金方案等服务方 面作出全面提升，以支持客户业务的增长。本行同时 亦计划强化企业电子网络银行服务平台，希望藉此鼓 励客户转用网上渠道进行交易，以节省分行资源及提 高顾客满意度。 展望2017年，中美关系、美国加息及内地控制资本外 流等不明朗因素，均可能在未来数月引致市场波动加 剧。尽管市况不稳，东亚银行仍以其中港平台作为未 来增长的主要动力，并会继续与东亚中国紧密合作， 开拓跨境业务的新机遇。 BEA launched its iPortfolio Analyzer, which enables the Bank’s relationship managers to access the portfolio data of its private banking clients securely from any location to provide timely investment advice. 东亚银行推出全新的iPortfolio Analyzer，让客户经理可随时随地以安 全模式查看私人银行客户的投资组合资讯，从而适时提供投资建议。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 20 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Retail Banking Personal Banking proved its resiliency in 2016 in the face of challenging market conditions. The division’s operating income increased by 5.7%, led by rises in both net interest income and net fee and commission income. The project to digitalise the Hong Kong branch network remains on track. As of December 2016, 53 branches had been upgraded to the digital model. Take-up of new accounts from target segments has increased at transformed branches. As a whole, the Bank recorded a 15.0% rise in major all-in-one accounts �C SupremeGold, Supreme, and CorporatePlus �C leading to an 8.7% increase in average daily retail current and savings account balances in Hong Kong compared to the previous year. Product sales have also benefitted from digitalisation, as branch staff are freed up to focus on sales rather than basic transactions. Commission income from investment and insurance products rose by 12.4% and 30.4% yearon-year, respectively, in 2016. Meanwhile, the popularity of insurance products bundled with premium financing contributed to a 71.0% increase in consumer loans. The mortgage loan portfolio grew by 4.3%, despite keen market competition and the launch of additional government cooling measures. The branch digitalisation project will continue into 2017, with the aim of transforming the entire Hong Kong network by the end of the year. In addition, the Bank’s digital service infrastructure is undergoing a comprehensive overhaul. Upgrades to the underlying hardware and software will enable the Bank to meet growing demand for mobile and online banking services. Wealth Management After a strong year in 2015, Private Banking maintained a similar performance level in 2016. Results were bolstered by continued demand from Mainland clients for asset diversification. Net fee and commission income rose by 9.6%, on strong insurance product sales, while net interest income increased by 3.2%. However, overall operating income was flat year-on-year due to lower client investment activity in stock trading, FX derivatives and structured products. Loans and assets under management were lower. Digital initiatives, including portfolio analysis tools for sales staff and a dedicated Cyberbanking service for Private Banking customers, were successfully launched during the year. The new sales tools have proven popular, and the Bank is exploring the possibility of making the portfolio analysis software available to clients for use on their personal devices. To further enhance the digital platform, an online stock trading service will be launched for Private Banking customers in 2017. Despite uncertainty over the outlook in the shortterm, the size of the Mainland market means that opportunities abound, particularly given the Bank’s strong China presence. Collaboration with BEA China has been stepped up to promote Private Banking’s holistic wealth management solutions, offering tailored products to encourage more client referrals. The Bank will continue to focus on expanding its Mainland client base in the years ahead. Insurance and MPF Services BEA Life Limited, the Bank’s wholly-owned life insurance arm, had another encouraging year in 2016, recording year-on-year growth of 34.5% in new premium income. Short-term products with guaranteed returns were in high demand, as risk-averse investors sought alternative strategies. Long-term products have also sold particularly well, with premium income more than doubling compared to 2015. The Bank introduced its new campus branch model at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in August 2016. 2016年8月，东亚银行於香港科技 大学推出全新的校园分行模式。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 21 零售银行 於 2016年，本行的香港个人银行业务在严峻的市场 形势中仍能灵活应变，在净利息收入与服务费及佣金 收入净额上升的推动下，经营收入录得5.7%增长。 香港分行网络数码化进程按计划顺利推进，截至2016 年 12月底，53间分行已完成数码化转型。已转型的 分行，在吸纳目标客户群所开立的新账户数量有所增 加。整体而言，本行主要综合户口（显卓理财、至尊 理财及企业综合理财）数目共录得15.0%升幅，带动 香港零售往来账户及储蓄账户平均每日结余较2015年 增长8.7%。 产品销售亦受惠於分行数码化，前线职员现可投放更 多时间销售产品，而并非处理一般银行交易。於2016 年，投资及保险产品的佣金收入分别按年上升12.4% 及30.4%。 以保费融资方式投保的保险产品广受客户欢迎，推动 个人贷款增加71.0%。尽管市场竞争激烈及政府推出 额外控制楼价措施，按揭贷款组合仍增长4.3%。 分行数码化计划将延续至2017年，并将於年底前达至 将香港全线分行转型的目标。此外，本行的数码服务 平台基础设施现正进行全面更新，软硬件升级有助本 行满足客户对流动及网上银行服务与日俱增的需求。 财富管理 继2015年录得理想的表现，私人银行2016年的全年 业绩，与 2015年水平相若，主要受惠於内地客户对 多元化资产配置的殷切需求。 由於保险产品销售强劲，服务费及佣金收入净额上升 9.6%，净利息收入则增长3.2%。因受客户在股票买 卖、外汇衍生工具及结构性产品等投资活动减少所影 响，私人银行整体经营收入按年持平，而客户贷款及 管理资产则有所下跌。 年内，私人银行成功推行两项数码方案，包括为销售 人员配置流动投资组合分析工具，以及推出为私人银 行客户专设的电子网络银行服务。新的流动投资组合 分析工具备受客户欢迎，本行现正在研究让客户在个 人流动装置上使用此应用程式的可行性。为进一步提 升数码平台，本行将於 2017年向私人银行客户推出 网上股票交易服务。 虽然前景短期内依然不明朗，偌大的中国市场对拥有 庞大内地网络的东亚银行来说，仍充满商机。本行已 加强与东亚中国的合作，推广私人银行的全面财富管 理方案，并提供为内地客户度身订造的产品，以鼓励 更多客户转介。未来数年，本行将继续专注於扩大内 地客户基础。 保险及强积金服务 本行旗下全资寿险附属公司 ― 东亚人寿保险有限公 司於 2016年再创佳绩，新造保单保费收入按年增长 34.5%。由於投资者纷纷调整其策略以避免风险，市 场对提供保证回报的短期产品需求殷切。此外，长期 产品的销售亦非常畅旺，有关保费收入较 2015年增 长超过一倍。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 22 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Conditions for general insurance, on the other hand, remained difficult. Despite tight competition in the market, Blue Cross (Asia-Pacific) Insurance Limited, BEA’s wholly-owned general insurance arm, achieved growth of 3.8% in premium income for the year under review. The company’s strategy to retain quality group medical insurance customers while maintaining reasonable margins has been successful. In addition, existing group medical insured employees have been offered more coverage options for top-up medical plans, and can apply for the plans via the internet. Domestic helper insurance renewals can also be made online, and this convenience will be extended to all personal general insurance products in 2017. In anticipation of the introduction of the Hong Kong Government’s healthcare reforms, changes have been made to enhance the claim mechanism for existing major individual medical insurance products, effective January 2017. Under the new arrangement, the amount of medical coverage enjoyed by clients will be restored every year, without the limits per disability that previously applied. This change aims to meet the government’s objective of ensuring life-long medical insurance coverage. Total membership in BEA’s Mandatory Provident Fund schemes grew to 682,890. Despite the unfavourable investment environment, AUM increased by 8.2% year-on-year to HK$20.7 billion. BEA continues to ensure that management fees for its funds are competitive. Half of the constituent funds under the three BEA MPF schemes now have a fund expense ratio of 1.25% or below. The latest overall weighted average fund expense ratio of the three schemes was 1.30%, well below the MPF industry average. Under the Default Investment Strategy, new standardised, fee-controlled funds will be introduced in each of the three BEA MPF schemes starting 1st April, 2017. The DIS will apply automatically to MPF members who do not specify investment choices. Broking Operations Responding to a shift in stock trading behaviour among customers, East Asia Securities Company Limited undertook a change in its business model during 2016 to dispense with all of its physical outlets. Resources were reallocated to support other trading channels, particularly the Company’s internet and mobile applications. In December 2016, EAS successfully launched ShenzhenHong Kong Stock Connect service, enabling investors to buy stocks on Mainland China’s most actively traded stock exchange. Turnover for 2016 declined in line with the drop in average daily turnover of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. Pre-tax profit, however, fell by more than 50% due to high fixed costs. The outlook for 2017 remains challenging. Uncertainties stemming from the impact of the invocation of Article 50 in the United Kingdom on its exit from the European Union, the extent to which the newly elected President Trump follows through on his campaign proposals, and the pace of depreciation of the RMB will dictate investors’ sentiment. EAS will continue to improve operational efficiency by enhancing its IT infrastructure and streamlining operations. Business �C Greater China ex-Hong Kong Mainland China Operations The operating environment in Mainland China remained tough in 2016, amid global market uncertainties and on-going domestic structural adjustments. Mainland policymakers continued their efforts to rebalance the economy through supply-side structural reforms. However, adjustments are proceeding slowly against a backdrop of weak external demand, excess industrial capacity and lacklustre investment sentiment. The RMB fell against the strong US dollar during the year, the first significant annual decline in the value of the RMB in two decades. The Mainland’s GDP growth rate decelerated to 6.7% in 2016, the slowest pace in a quarter of a century. This weakness impacted BEA China’s performance. Interest income was battered by the economic slowdown, the low interest rate environment and the reform of the valueadded tax regime. In addition, year-on-year declines are amplified when expressed in Hong Kong dollars, due to the fall in the value of the RMB during the past year. BEA China reported a pre-provision operating profit of HK$1,607 million for 2016, down 25.3% year-on-year. Advances to customers declined by 7.1%, to HK$139,389 million as at 31st December, 2016. Net interest income decreased by 14.1% to HK$3,977 million. Customer deposits stood at HK$181,326 million as of 31st December, 2016, a 9.8% decrease from a year earlier. The loan-to-deposit ratio was steady at 75.6%. To address the difficult operating environment, BEA China focused its efforts on enhancing resilience through capital injection, de-risking and business consolidation. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 23 另一方面，一般保险的市场形势依然严峻。尽管市场 竞争激烈，东亚银行旗下全资一般保险附属公司 ― 蓝十字（亚太）保险有限公司於回顾年内的保费收入 仍然录得 3.8%增幅。该公司致力保留优质的团体医 疗保险客户及维持合理边际利润的策略卓有成效。此 外，现有团体医疗保险受保雇员可获提供更多附加医 疗保险计划的保障选择，并可直接透过互联网递交申 请。而家佣保险续保亦已经可在网上办理，这项方便 快捷的续保服务将於 2017年扩展至所有个人一般保 险产品。 由於预期政府将推行医疗改革，从 2017年 1月起， 蓝十字完善了现有主要个人医疗保险产品的赔偿机 制。根据新的安排，客户享有的医疗保障额会在每年 重新计算，取替过往以每宗病症作赔偿限额的安排。 是项修改旨在配合政府确保医疗保险能提供终身保障 的目标。 本行旗下强积金计划的成员总数增至682,890名。 尽管投资环境欠佳，管理资产仍按年增长 8.2%至港 币207亿元。本行会继续确保基金管理费的竞争力， 目前本行3个强积金计划内半数之成分基金的基金开 支比率为1.25%或以下。该等计划的最新整体加权平 均基金开支比率为1.30%，远低於强积金业界的平均 水平。 本行3个强积金计划将於 2017年4月1日起按预设投 资策略的要求，分别推出划一及设有收费上限的指定 成分基金。未作出投资选择的强积金计划成员之供 款，将会按照预设投资策略进行投资。 经纪业务 因应客户股票买卖模式的转变，东亚证券有限公司於 2016年对其业务模式进行变革，取消所有实体网点， 重新分配资源，以发展其他交易渠道，特别是该公司 的互联网及流动应用程式交易平台。2016年 12月， 东亚证券成功推出深港通服务，让投资者可参与内地 交投最活跃的证券交易所的股票买卖。 2016年香港联合交易所日均成交量下跌，东亚证券的 营业额同样录得下降，而税前利润亦因固定成本高企 而下跌逾50%。 2017年前景依然不容乐观。英国就退出欧盟行使第 50条的影响、新当选总统特朗普贯彻竞选政纲的决 心，以及人民币贬值的步伐等种种不明朗因素，将对 投资者情绪产生决定性影响。东亚证券将继续提升其 资讯科技基建及精简业务，藉以提高营运效率。 大中华地区（香港除外） 中国内地业务 2016年，全球市场不明朗，加上国内持续推行结构 调整，内地经营环境依然充满挑战。中央政府决策者 继续致力推行供给侧结构性改革，以期重新平衡经 济。然而，在外需疲弱、工业产能过剩及投资情绪低 迷的情况下，有关调整进展缓慢。年内，人民币相对 强势美元下跌，这是近 20年来人民币价值首次全年 显着下跌。 2016年，内地国内生产总值增长率放缓至6.7%，为 25年来最低增速。疲弱的国内生产总值增幅亦影响了 东亚中国的业务表现。利息收入受到经济放缓、低息 环境及增值税制改革的打击。此外，由於去年人民币 价值下跌，有关数字以港币列示後，则同比跌幅会进 一步扩大。 东亚中国於2016年录得拨备前经营溢利港币16.07亿 元，按年减少25.3%。於2016年12月31日，客户垫 款下跌 7.1%，至港币 1,393.89亿元。净利息收入减 少14.1%，至港币39.77亿元。 於 2016年 12 月 31日，客户存款为港币 1,813.26 亿 元，较上年度年减少 9.8%。贷款对存款比率维持於 75.6%。 为应对艰难的经营环境，东亚中国致力透过注资、降 低风险及整合业务，提升抗逆能力。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 24 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 In June 2016, the Bank injected additional capital of CNY1 billion into BEA China, in order to further strengthen the bank’s capital base and enhance its ability to withstand difficult times. BEA China’s registered capital stood at CNY12.16 billion as of the end of 2016. BEA China management introduced a range of measures in 2015 aimed at improving asset quality, in anticipation of further weakness in the operating environment in 2016. These measures included stricter credit guidelines, centralisation of credit approval and stepped up loan recovery efforts. The impact of these precautionary measures is evident. BEA China experienced a lower gross impaired loan formation rate in 2016. To further strengthen its financial position, BEA China sold some non-performing loans to third parties in the second half of 2016. For the year, BEA China recorded a net loss of HK$461 million. Disposal of the impaired loans caused short-term pain. However, following this exercise BEA China is now better placed for the future. During the past year, BEA China further reduced its exposure to the manufacturing, hotel, and wholesale and retail sectors, all of which remain under stress in the face of the economic slowdown. The corporate lending team has instead courted stable, large-scale state-owned enterprises and focused on six priority industries including public utilities, health care and pharmaceuticals, logistics, environmental protection and clean energy, food and education. The aggregate loan balance to these priority industries, which are supported by national policies, doubled in 2016. This realignment, coupled with higher efficiency in the use of funds, helped relieve pressure on BEA China’s net interest margin �C which improved from 1.61% in the first half of 2016 to 1.70% in the second half of the year. At the same time, BEA China is cognisant that the economic restructuring process on the Mainland will continue. Government policies will ensure that interest rates remain at a relatively low level. In order to improve profitability going forward, BEA China has successfully implemented an aggressive programme to control costs. In addition, management is actively developing new, feebased sources of income. Significant progress has been made in streamlining the branch network during the past year. Four sub-branches were merged with other outlets in the first half of 2016, followed by a further five in the second half. In addition, two sub-branches were relocated. As a result, as of the end of 2016, BEA China’s branch network consisted of 30 branches and 89 sub-branches in 44 cities �C still one of the most extensive networks of any foreign bank in Mainland China. In line with the network repositioning programme, BEA China has trimmed its workforce by about 10%. Assisted by this reduction, BEA China’s underlying operating expenses for the year fell to HK$3,178 million, 12.9% lower than in 2015. The business is on track to deliver cost savings of HK$450 million by 2018. The full benefits of these measures will take time and will continue to flow through in the coming years. The Mainland economy stabilised in the second half of 2016, with a rebound in fixed asset investment, higher retail sales and an improvement in the Producer Price Index. The property market in Tier-1 cities also remains strong. As we enter 2017, supply-side structural reforms should boost consumption and support emerging industries in the service sector. There remains strong potential for BEA to grow on the Mainland, as the needs of corporate and retail clients become increasingly more sophisticated. For example, BEA China is serving more demand for cross-border business solutions, treasury and wealth management products, helping to boost BEA China’s non-interest income. By streamlining its operations through digitalisation and process enhancement, BEA China is poised to capture more opportunities with roughly the same resource base. In November 2016, BEA China and CaixaBank shared their expertise in the Mainland and international markets with attendees at a jointly organised seminar in Shanghai. 2016年11月，东亚中国与西班牙商业银行 於上海合办研讨会，与参加者分享其在内地 及国际市场的专业经验。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 25 2016年 6月，本行向东亚中国额外注入人民币 10亿 元的资本，藉此进一步加强该行的资本基础并提升其 抵御风险的能力。於 2016年底，东亚中国的注册资 本为人民币121.6亿元。 由於预期 2016年经营环境进一步转差，东亚中国管 理层早於 2015年推行一系列有助改善资产质素的措 施。此等措施包括更严格的信贷指引、信贷审批集中 制度，以及加大力度追收贷款。 有关预防措施的成效明显。2016年内，东亚中国的总 减值贷款形成比率已有所下降。为进一步强化财务状 况，东亚中国於 2016年下半年向第三方出售部分不 良贷款。 年内，东亚中国录得净亏损港币4.61亿元。处置减值 贷款虽带来短期阵痛，然而，经过此举之後，东亚中 国现已为未来作出更充足的准备。 2016年，东亚中国进一步减少因经济放缓而持续受 压的制造业、酒店业以及批发及零售业等行业的相关 贷款。企业贷款部门转而以稳定的大型国有企业为目 标，并以六大优势产业为重点，包括公用事业、医疗 保健及制药、仓储物流、环境保护及清洁能源、食品 及教育。於 2016年，批核予上述获国家政策支持的 优势产业的总贷款余额倍增。 上述调整再配合资金使用效率上升，帮助纾缓东亚 中国净息差的压力，使其净息差由 2016年上半年的 1.61%，改善至下半年的1.70%。 同时，东亚中国相信，内地将会继续进行经济结构调 整，而政府政策将确保利率维持在相对较低的水平。 为提升日後盈利能力，东亚中国已成功实施一项非常 进取的成本控制计划。此外，管理层正积极开拓以收 费为基础的新收入来源。 上年度，分行网络精简措施取得重大进展。於 2016 年上半年，有4间支行与其他网点合并，下半年另有 5间支行合并入其他网点。此外，两间支行已迁移新 址。因此，於 2016年底，东亚中国的分行网点数目 包括30间分行及89间支行，分布於44个城市，仍然 是中国内地拥有最庞大网络的外资银行之一。 为配合网络重新部署计划，东亚中国同时削减了约 10%人手。此举有助东亚中国於年内的相关经营开支 减少至港币31.78亿元，较2015年下降12.9%，有望 於 2018年达到节省成本港币 4.50亿元的目标。有关 措施尚需时日方能彰显其全部效益，并会在未来数年 持续显现。 随着固定资产投资反弹、零售销售上升及生产者价格 指数改善，内地经济於 2016年下半年逐步稳定；一 线城市的房地产市场亦维持强劲。踏入 2017年，供 给侧结构性改革应可刺激消费，并为服务业的新兴产 业提供支持。 随着企业及零售客户对服务的要求不断提高，东亚银 行在内地仍具有强劲的增长潜力。例如，东亚中国因 应需求所提供的跨境业务方案、财资及财富管理产品 与日俱增，有助提高东亚中国的非利息收入。透过数 码化及流程优化精简操作程序後，东亚中国已准备就 绪，能够在现有的资源基础上把握更多商机。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 26 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 BEA China is also transforming its growth path by deepening co-operation with strategic partners in areas such as consumer finance and internet finance. Partnerships are an ideal way for BEA China to mitigate risk and leverage its operations expertise as it seeks opportunities in the new economy. Although risks and uncertainties will persist in 2017, BEA China remains well equipped to pursue further growth opportunities. By becoming nimbler and investing prudently, BEA China will be able to respond flexibly and swiftly to changes in the market environment. Macau and Taiwan Operations The operating environment in Macau remains challenging, with the slowdown in the gaming industry, stagnant economic growth and rising operating costs. However, the asset quality of BEA Macau remains healthy, with prudent risk management in place. As part of efforts to rationalise the branch network, Macau Areia Preta Sub-branch was closed in June 2016. Currently, the Bank maintains four outlets in Macau. Looking ahead, in addition to further developing corporate banking services, BEA Macau will allocate more resources to boost retail banking business, with emphasis on investment and insurance products. In Taiwan, the Bank closed Kaohsiung Branch at the end of September 2016 in order to consolidate resources. BEA maintains a branch in Taipei to serve domestic and offshore banking needs. BEA Taiwan is also leveraging on the Group’s global network to support Taiwan enterprises to go overseas. The Taipei Branch also assists Mainland companies to raise funds for offshore investments. In the coming year, BEA Taiwan will continue to be active in the syndicated loan market as an arranger, particularly in deals involving Mainland customers. Business �C International Despite the challenging global economic environment, BEA’s international operations achieved satisfactory growth in both loan assets and profitability in 2016. BEA’s Singapore Branch recorded a 10.5% decrease in its loan portfolio in 2016, mainly due to a decline in China cross-border trade loans. Against the backdrop of an economic downturn, Singapore Branch stepped up efforts to improve the credit quality of its loan portfolio by exiting from riskier sectors and industries. To diversify its asset mix and sustain net interest margins, the Branch enlarged its portfolio of Singapore dollar-denominated corporate debt securities investments during the year under review. In 2017, the Branch will continue to focus on expanding its syndicated and bilateral corporate loan portfolio, especially among larger new-to-bank clients, and increase its efforts to generate fee-based income. Labuan Branch performed well and delivered strong profit growth despite the economic turmoil in Malaysia. In 2017, the Branch will continue providing regional syndicated and bilateral loans to local Malaysian companies while expanding its non-interest income portfolio by extending more bank guarantees and stand-by letters of credit. The Bank’s operations in the UK registered steady growth in loan assets and profitability in 2016, shaking off any adverse impact of the UK vote to leave the European Union. On the back of the post-Brexit depreciation of the pound sterling and the Bank of England’s aggressive interest rate cut, overseas investors have remained keen to acquire quality assets in the UK, particularly prime London properties. In October 2016, BEA celebrated the opening of its newly remodelled London Branch. 2016年10月，东亚银行庆祝其 伦敦分行以全新面貌开幕。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 27 东亚中国亦正在转化其增长模式，不断深化与战略夥 伴在消费贷款及互联网金融等领域的合作。透过与夥 伴建立合作关系，无疑是东亚中国在新经济中寻求机 遇时减低风险及运用其营运专长的理想途径。 虽然 2017年仍将存在风险和不明朗因素，但东亚中 国依然具备把握进一步增长机会的实力。凭藉更灵活 的应变能力及审慎的投资，东亚中国将能够从容而迅 速地应对市场环境的变化。 澳门及台湾业务 由於博彩业放缓、经济增长停滞及营运成本上涨，澳 门的经营环境依然严峻。然而，澳门分行制订了审慎 的风险管理策略，其资产质素仍维持稳健。 为整合分行网络，澳门黑沙环支行於 2016年 6月关 闭。现时本行於澳门共设有4个网点。 展望未来，除进一步发展企业银行服务外，澳门分行 将分配更多资源促进零售银行业务，着力推广投资及 保险产品。 台湾方面，本行於2016年9月底关闭高雄分行，藉以 整合资源。东亚银行目前於台北设有1间分行，以满 足台湾当地及离岸银行业务的需要。 台湾分行亦善用本集团的全球网络支持台湾企业拓展 其海外业务。台北分行亦协助内地公司集资用於境外 投资。来年，台湾分行将继续积极参与银团贷款市场 并担任安排行，特别是涉及内地客户的交易。 国际业务 尽管全球经济环境充满挑战，本行的国际业务於2016 年在贷款资产及盈利方面均录得令人满意的增长。 2016年，由於本行新加坡分行的中国跨境贸易贷款 数量大幅减少，该分行的贷款业务录得10.5%跌幅。 面对当地经济下滑，新加坡分行推行相应措施，退出 及终止与风险较高行业的客户关系，以提升贷款组合 的信贷质素。同时，为使资产项目多样化及维持净息 差，该分行於回顾年内增加购买新加坡元企业债券， 扩大这类投资组合。2017年，该分行将继续专注扩 展银团及双边企业贷款业务，特别是加强与实力较雄 厚的新客户之关系，并致力推广其他收费服务，增加 收入。 虽然马来西亚经济不稳，但纳闽分行仍表现出色，溢 利增长强劲。2017年，该分行将继续向马来西亚当地 公司提供地区银团及双边贷款，并加强其银行担保及 备用信用证签发服务，藉以增加非利息收入。 2016年，英国脱欧公投後英镑贬值，该国央行大幅减 息，海外投资者依然热衷於收购英国的优质资产，特 别是位处伦敦黄金地段的物业。本行的英国业务因而 受惠，贷款资产及盈利录得稳步增长，摆脱了英国脱 欧公投的不利影响。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 28 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Commercial and residential property lending continue to be the primary growth drivers of the Bank’s UK operations. In an effort to diversify risk, the Branch will strive to broaden its loan portfolio by seeking opportunities in corporate syndication and non-property lending. With recent strong inward investment from the Mainland, the China Desk of UK Branch has been working closely with Chinese and Asian banks in order to participate in more corporate lending and club financing deals. BEA’s US operations recorded a strong year, with the loan portfolio growing by 34% and net profits by 46%. Asset quality improved with the impaired loan ratio falling to 0.14% as at 31st December, 2016 from 0.58% at the end of 2015. The strong 2016 performance was the result of steady economic growth amid the low interest rate environment, which drove demand for commercial and industrial corporate syndication financing and property investment in prime New York and Los Angeles locations. The markets rallied in November 2016 following the election of Republican Donald Trump as President, expecting that he will pursue market-friendly policies including corporate and income tax cuts and spending on basic infrastructure. However, the markets have also signalled a pick-up in inflation and higher interest rates. In view of the uncertainties presented by a new Administration, BEA’s New York and Los Angles branches have adopted prudent loan underwriting standards with a focus on high quality corporate and syndicated loans as well as commercial real estate financing. The US branches will continue to closely monitor market conditions and adjust their business strategies accordingly in the year ahead. Going forward, the Bank’s international branches will leverage on BEA’s extensive network in China and strong relationship with its strategic partners in Asia and Europe to step up customer referrals and expand cross-border business collaboration to reach new potential clients. Other Subsidiaries Credit Gain Finance Company Limited Credit Gain faced stringent regulatory risk and compliance demands during the year under review. The imposition of a high degree of regulatory control over credit risk compelled Credit Gain to reduce its risk tolerance in loan underwriting, which led to a decline in loan portfolio growth during the year. To maintain its competitive edge, the Company rationalised its branch network in 2016 while enhancing its online platform. Credit Gain’s two micro-finance companies on the Mainland, Shenzhen Credit Gain Finance Company Limited and Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Credit Gain Finance Company Limited, froze expansion plans and focused on improving loan asset quality amidst the challenging environment on the Mainland. Tricor Holdings Limited Tricor reported record-high revenue for 2016. In May, Tricor established its first Australian office, in Brisbane. As at the end of the year, Tricor’s network covered 37 cities in 20 markets worldwide. BEA Union Investment Management Limited BEA Union Investment recorded a 15% increase in AUM year on year in 2016. This growth was mainly due to the Company’s success in penetrating both the retail and institutional sectors in Asia, particularly in Hong Kong and the Mainland. In response to the growing demand from retail investors for funds with income features, BEA Union Investment introduced the Global Flexi Allocation Fund and China High Yield Income Fund in 2016. BEA Union Investment also garnered new mandates from institutional clients. Looking ahead, BEA Union Investment will continue to broaden its product offering, capture opportunities arising from the Hong Kong-China mutual fund recognition programme, and expand its distribution channels and institutional client base in the Greater China region. Located near London’s Chinatown, BEA’s flagship branch in the UK features a stylish interior design and a suite of digital banking services. 东亚银行的英国旗舰分行位於伦敦 唐人街附近，室内设计时尚，并且 配备完善的数码化银行设施。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 29 商业及住宅物业贷款继续成为本行英国业务增长的主 要推动因素。为求分散风险，该分行将努力寻求企业 银团及非物业贷款机遇，藉以扩大其贷款组合。由於 近期来自内地的投资需求强劲，英国分行的中国业务 部与中国及亚洲银行展开紧密合作，参与更多企业融 资及俱乐部贷款。 东亚银行在美国的业务於年内表现强劲，贷款组合增 长 34%，净溢利增长 46%。资产质素有所改善，减 值贷款比率从 2015年底的 0.58%下降至 2016年 12 月 31日的 0.14%。2016年的强劲表现有赖於低息环 境下，美国的经济稳步增长，推动市场对工商企业银 团融资以及纽约和洛杉矶黄金地段物业投资的需求。 2016年 11月，美国共和党特朗普当选成为总统，投 资市场稳步上扬，外界预期他将会推行有利市场运作 的政策，包括削减企业利得税及增加基建项目开支。 然而，市场亦显示这些政策或会加快通胀及利率上升 速度。 监於美国新政府所带来的种种不明朗因素，东亚银 行纽约及洛杉矶分行均采取审慎的贷款批核准则， 将业务重心放在优质企业及银团贷款及商业房地产 融资，并且继续密切监察市场状况，在来年相应调 整业务策略。 展望未来，本行各国际分行将充分善用东亚银行在中 国的庞大网络，及与在亚洲及欧洲战略夥伴的良好关 系，增强客户转介及扩展跨境业务合作，以接触新的 潜在客户。 其他附属公司 领达财务有限公司 回顾年内，领达财务面临严格的监管风险及合规要 求。监於监管机构严控信贷风险，领达财务降低其贷 款业务的风险承担，导致年内贷款组合的增长下滑。 为保持竞争优势，该公司於2016年内整合分行网络， 同时加强网上平台。 领达财务在内地的两家小额贷款公司，深圳市领达小 额贷款有限公司及重庆两江新区领达小额贷款有限公 司均暂停扩充计划，并专注於在内地充满挑战的环境 中提升贷款资产质素。 卓佳集团有限公司 卓佳於2016年刷新收入纪录。5月，卓佳於布里斯班 开设首个澳洲办事处。截至年底，卓佳的业务网络已 遍布全球20个市场覆盖37个城市。 东亚联丰投资管理有限公司 2016年，东亚联丰投资的管理资产录得逾 15%的按 年增长。其在亚洲，尤其是香港和内地的零售及机构 业务取得成果，成为增长的主要动力。 因应零售投资者对入息基金的需求日益增长，东亚联 丰投资於 2016年推出环球灵活配置基金及中国高收 益入息基金。东亚联丰投资亦获得机构客户的新投资 委托。 展望未来，东亚联丰投资将继续扩大产品种类，把握 来自内地与香港基金互认计划的商机，并拓展大中华 地区的分销渠道及机构客户群。 BEA provides leadership training for managers at all levels. 东亚银行为各级管理人员提供 领导技巧训练。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 30 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Our People As of 31st December, 2016, the BEA Group’s continuing operations employed 10,389 people: Continuing Operations As of 31st December, 2016 As of 31st December, 2015 Restated Hong Kong 4,506 5,183 Greater China ex-Hong Kong 5,496 6,192 Overseas 387 393 Total 10,389 11,768 In an effort to contain costs amid a challenging business environment, BEA conducted a thorough review of its business and operations, which was completed in the second quarter of 2016. Following the review, the Bank streamlined workflows through various means, including process re-engineering and automation. This realignment exercise also resulted in approximately 180 redundancies in Hong Kong. Staff members made redundant were offered severance packages that exceed the requirements set out in the Employment Ordinance (Chapter 57 of the Laws of Hong Kong). During the year under review, BEA continued to recruit high-calibre talent to fill critical functions. The Bank also maintained its programme of recruiting top recent graduates for its Management Trainee programme. BEA regularly benchmarks itself against best market practices for remuneration and benefits. In 2016, the Bank enhanced its policies on business trips, overtime, medical benefits for dependent children, and bereavement leave. BEA encourages staff members to pursue qualifications related to their work, providing them with opportunities for upward mobility within the organisation. During the year under review, the Bank introduced new staff benefits including tuition sponsorship for master degree programmes and examination leave for jobrelated courses. The Bank’s Human Capital Management System, “myHR”, and Learning Management System, “Learning@BEA”, were further enhanced in 2016 to facilitate the management of Enhanced Competence Framework for banking staff members in terms of core competence and ongoing professional development. For the fifth consecutive year, BEA supported the Hong Kong government’s “Scheme for Cross-border Study Tour for Post-secondary Financial Talents”, which provides students with an opportunity to explore the differences between the financial systems and market operations in Hong Kong and Mainland China. 东亚银行连续第5年参予「沪港金融专业大学本科生交流 及考察计划」，支持内地学生来港实习，增加他们对香港 及内地金融系统及市场营运的认识。 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 31 人力资源 东亚银行集团於2016年12月31日来自持续经营业务 的雇员人数为10,389人，分布如下： 来自持续经营业务 於2016年 12月31日 於2015年 12月31日 重报 香港 4,506 5,183 大中华地区（香港除外） 5,496 6,192 海外 387 393 总计 10,389 11,768 面对充满挑战的商业环境，为控制成本，本行就业务 及营运进行全面检讨，并於2016年第2季度完成有关 工作。检讨过後，本行采取多项措施简化工作流程， 包括重新设计或减省流程及自动化。该项调整工作导 致香港方面裁减约180人。裁退雇员所获发的遣散费 均超过香港《雇佣条例》（香港法例第57章）所规定的 金额。 回顾年内，本行继续招聘高质素人才，以填补重要职 位空缺。本行亦继续招募顶尖毕业生参加见习管理人 员计划。 本行定期参照最佳市场惯例厘定薪酬及福利基准。 2016年，本行进一步完善有关外地工干、超时工作、 子女医疗福利及丧假的政策。 本行鼓励员工获取与工作相关的资格，并为员工提供 内部晋升机会。回顾年内，本行推出新的员工福利， 包括硕士学位课程的学费资助及工作相关课程的考试 假期。 2016年，本行进一步完善人力资本管理系统「 myHR」 及学习管理系统「 Learning@BEA」，从银行员工的核 心能力与持续专业发展两个方面，提升银行专业资历 架构的管理。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 32 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 RISK MANAGEMENT Risk Management Framework The Group has established an effective risk governance and management framework in line with the requirements set out by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority and other regulators. This framework is built around a structure that enables the Board and Management to discharge their risk management-related responsibilities with appropriate delegation and checks and balances. These responsibilities include defining risk appetite in accordance with the Group’s business strategies and objectives, formulating risk policies that govern the execution of those strategies, and establishing procedures and limits for the approval, control, monitoring, and remedy of risks. The Risk Committee stands at the highest level of the Group’s risk governance structure under the Board. It consists of four Independent Non-executive Directors (one of whom is the Chairman of the Committee) and two Non-executive Directors. The Risk Committee provides direct oversight over the formulation of the Group’s institutional risk appetite, and sets the levels of risk that the Group is willing to undertake with reference to its financial capacity, strategic direction, prevailing market conditions, and regulatory requirements. The Risk Committee also ensures that the Group’s risk appetite is reflected in the policies and procedures that Management adopts to execute its business functions. Through the Group’s management committees, including the Crisis Management Committee, Risk Management Committee, Credit Committee, Asset and Liability Management Committee, and Operational Risk Management Committee at the executive level �C and under the overall coordination of the Risk Management Division �C the Risk Committee regularly reviews the Group’s risk management framework and ensures that all important risk-related tasks are performed according to established policies and with appropriate resources. Enterprise Risk Management The Group has implemented an enterprise risk management framework. The ERM framework is promulgated with the objectives to identify and manage potential risks in a holistic and effective manner, to fulfil the HKMA’s higher expectation for risk management of the Group as a Domestic Systemically Important Bank, and to reinforce the “Three Lines of Defence” risk management model. The Group has adopted a “Three Lines of Defence” risk management structure to ensure that roles and responsibilities in regard to risk management within the Group are clearly defined. The following highlights the “Three Lines of Defence” model: The first line of defence comprises the Risk Owners, who are division heads at Head Office and heads of significant subsidiaries, together with staff under their management. They are primarily responsible for the day-to-day risk management of their units, including establishing and executing specific risk control mechanisms and detailed procedures. The second line of defence consists of the Risk Controllers, who are designated division / department heads at Head Office. Supported by their respective divisions and departments, the Risk Controllers are responsible for setting out a risk management governance framework, monitoring risks independently and supporting the management committees in their oversight of risk management. The third line of defence is the Internal Audit Division, which is responsible for providing assurance on the effectiveness of the Group’s risk management framework including risk governance arrangements. The Group Chief Risk Officer coordinates all risk management-related matters of the Group, works closely with the Risk Controllers on the formulation of risk management policies and exercises risk oversight at the Group level, through a functional working relationship with all Risk Controllers and Risk Owners. Principal Risks The Group faces a variety of risks that could affect its franchise, operations, and financial conditions. Under the ERM framework, the principal risks include credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, reputation risk, strategic risk, legal risk, compliance risk, technology risk, business continuity risk, and new product and business risk. The Group has formulated policies to identify, measure, monitor, control, and report on the various types of risk and, where necessary, to allocate adequate capital to cover those risks. These policies are reviewed and revised on a regular basis to align with market changes, statutory requirements, and best practices in risk management processes. Measures have been adopted to manage and mitigate these risks. Moreover, these risk factors are taken into consideration when formulating the Group’s risk appetite statement. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 33 风险管理 风险管理架构 按照金管局及其他监管者发出的规定，本集团已建立 一个有效的风险管治及管理架构。该架构的构造令董 事会及管理层能够以适当授权和制衡履行彼等的风险 管理相关职责。该等职责包括根据本集团的业务策略 及目标设定风险偏好、制定风险政策以管理上述策略 的执行，并设立风险审批、控制、监控及补救的程序 及限制。 风险委员会为本集团仅次於董事会的最高风险管治机 构，成员包括四名独立非执行董事（其中一名为委员 会主席）及两名非执行董事。风险委员会直接监督本 集团机构风险偏好的制定，并设定本集团就其财务能 力、策略性指引、目前市况及监管要求而言可承担的 风险水平。 风险委员会亦确保本集团的风险偏好反映於政策及 程序上，让管理层行使其业务职能时采纳。透过本 集团各管理委员会（包括危机管理委员会、风险管理 委员会、信贷委员会、资产负债管理委员会及营运 风险管理委员会），及在风险管理处的整体协调下， 风险委员会定期检讨本集团的风险管理架构，确保 根据现有政策及运用适当资源完成所有与风险相关 的重要任务。 企业风险管理 本集团已推行企业风险管理架构。此企业风险管理 架构旨在全面有效地识别及管理潜在风险、实践金 管局对本集团作为一间具本地系统重要性银行在风 险管理方面的更高期望，以及巩固「三道防线」风险 管理模式。 为确保风险管理角色与责任於本集团内分工明确，本 集团已采纳「三道防线」风险管理架构。以下为「三道 防线」模式之概要： 第一道防线为「风险负责人」，由总行各处级主管 及各重要附属公司主管，连同其属下职员组成， 主要负责其单位的日常风险管理，包括特定风险 管理机制及具体程序的设立及执行。 第二道防线为「风险监控人」，由总行指定处级/部 级主管组成。在其单位的支援下，风险监控人负 责制定风险管理管治架构、独立监督风险及辅助 各管理委员会监控风险管理。 第三道防线为稽核处。稽核处负责为本集团风险管 理架构（包括风险管治安排）的有效性提供保证。 集团风险总监协调本集团所有风险管理相关事务，与 各风险监控人就风险管理政策的制定紧密协作，并透 过与所有风险监控人及风险负责人的职能工作关系， 在集团层面监督风险。 主要风险 本集团面临可能影响其品牌、营运及财务状况的各类 风险。在企业风险管理架构下，主要风险包括信贷风 险、利率风险、市场风险、流动资金风险、营运风 险、信誉风险、策略性风险、法律风险、合规风险、 科技风险、持续业务运作风险及新产品及业务风险。 本集团已制定政策，以识别、衡量、监察、控制及汇 报各类风险，并於适当的情况下调配足够资本以抵御 该等风险。相关政策均定期检讨及改善，以符合市场 转变及法定要求，及达致风险管理程序的最佳做法。 本集团已采取措施，以管理及缓减上述风险。此 外，本集团在编纂风险偏好报告书时已考虑该等风 险因素。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 34 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Risk Description Management Measures Credit Risk of loss arising from a borrower or counterparty failing to meet its obligations Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals to set out credit control limits, delegated lending authorities, credit underwriting criteria, a credit monitoring process, an internal rating structure, credit recovery procedures, and a provisioning policy Interest rate Risk resulting from adverse movements in interest rates - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals to set out control limits - In determining the level of interest rate risk, assessments are made for the repricing risk, basis risk, options risk, and yield curve risk components. Market Risk arising from adverse movements in other market factors such as foreign exchange, equity prices, and commodities prices, which result in profits or losses for the Group - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals to set out control limits - Measurement and monitoring of potential loss due to adverse price movements and market volatility Liquidity Risk that the Group may not be able to meet its obligations as they come due because of an inability to obtain adequate funding (funding liquidity risk); or that the Group cannot easily liquidate assets quickly without significantly lowering market prices because of inadequate market depth or market disruptions (market liquidity risk) - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals to set out control limits and internal liquidity metrics - Conducting cash flow analysis to monitor funding needs - Contingency funding plan to clearly stipulate procedures and mitigating actions required to meet liquidity needs in crisis situations Operational Risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people, and systems or from external events Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals to identify, assess, monitor, and report operational risk of the Bank Group systematically and effectively, such as setting out operational risk incident reporting, risk control self-assessment, key risk indicators, insurance policies, etc. Reputation Risk that the Group’s reputation is damaged by one or more events, which result in negative publicity about the business practices, conduct, or financial condition of the Group. Such negative publicity, whether true or not, may impair public confidence in the Group, result in costly litigation, or lead to a decline in its customer base, business, and / or revenue. - Establishment of various policies, guidelines, manuals, and codes to ensure compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations, and to ensure that the Bank Group maintains a high standard of corporate governance, which in turn helps to safeguard and enhance the Group’s reputation - Formulation of, and adherence to, the Reputation Risk Management Manual, which outlines a systematic approach to the management of reputation risk, including a framework for reputation risk identification, assessment, monitoring, mitigation, and control, thereby protecting and enhancing the reputation of the Bank Group - Establishment of the Guidelines for Incident Response and Management for swift response to and management of unexpected incidents - Establishment of the Media Guidelines to ensure effective and consistent delivery of the Group’s key messages to the media Strategic Risk of current or potential impact on the Group’s earnings, capital, reputation, or standing arising from changes in the environment the Group operates in, adverse strategic decisions, improper implementation of decisions, or lack of responsiveness to industry, economic, or technology changes - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals, to set out control limits and measures - Capital management through projection of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process to assess the level and structure of capital resources needed to support the risks that the Group tolerates 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 35 风险 说明 管理措施 信贷 因借款人或交易对手未能履行其责任 而导致损失的风险 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，载列信贷控制限额、 信贷权限授权、授信标准、信贷监控程序、内部评级 架构、信贷追收程序及拨备政策 利率 不利的利率变动带来的风险 - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，载列控制限额 - 厘定利率风险水平时，对重订息率风险、息率基准 风险、期权风险及收益率曲线风险进行评估。 市场 由其他市场因素，例如外汇、股票价 格及商品价格的不利变动而导致本集 团溢利或亏损的风险 - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，载列控制限额 - 衡量及监控价格不利变动及市场波动可能造成的 损失 流动资金 本集团因未能获得充足资金投入而可 能无法履行到期责任的风险（融资流 动风险）；或因市场深度不足或市场 失序，本集团在市场价格大幅降低的 情况下无法轻易迅速清算资产的风险 （市场流动性风险） - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，载列控制限额及 内部流动资金标准 - 进行现金流量分析以监控资金需求 - 应急融资计划，清晰制定在危机情况下所需的流动 资金的程序及纾缓措施 营运 由於内部流程、人员和系统不足或缺 陷，或因外部事件而导致损失的风险 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，目的在於有系统及有 效地识别、评估、监控及汇报本集团营运风险，例如 载列营运风险事件汇报、风险控制自我评估、主要风 险指标及保险政策等 信誉 因对本集团一项或多项有关营商规 则、行为或财务状况事件的负面报导 而损及本集团信誉的风险。此等负面 报导，不管真确与否，有可能影响公 众对本集团的信心，可能导致高昂的 诉讼费用，或令本集团客户、业务及/ 或收入减少。 - 制定各项政策、指引、手册及守则，确保遵守适用 法例、规则及规例，同时确保本集团维持高水准的 企业管治，藉此保障及提升本集团的信誉 - 制定并遵从信誉风险管理手册，该手册载录对信誉 风险实施系统化管理的方法，包括识别、评估、监 控、缓减及控制信誉风险的机制，藉此保护及提升 本集团的信誉 - 建立事件应对及管理指引，快速应对并管理未能预 期的事件 - 建立媒体指引，以确保有效及一致地将本集团的关 键信息传达予媒体 策略 因本集团营运环境变动、不良策略决 策、决策实施不当或对工业、经济或 技术变动反应迟缓而对本集团盈利、 资本、信誉或地位造成当前或潜在影 响的风险 - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册，载列控制限额及 措施 - 透过预计资本充足比率及内部资本充足评估程序进 行资本管理，评估支援本集团在风险可承受水平上 所需的资本资源水平及结构 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 36 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Risk Description Management Measures Legal Risk of loss arising from unenforceable contracts, lawsuits, or adverse judgments that may disrupt or otherwise negatively affect the operations or financial condition of the Group - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals - Provision of appropriate training courses conducted by qualified internal personnel and / or external lawyers / professionals and the issue of regular reminders to staff members - Engagement of qualified internal personnel and, when necessary and appropriate, external lawyers with appropriate expertise including counsel and senior counsel for advice Compliance Risk of loss arising from legal or regulatory sanctions, fines and penalties, financial losses, or damage to reputation that the Group may suffer as a result of its failure to comply with laws, regulations, rules, related self-regulatory organisation standards, and codes of conduct applicable to its banking activities - Establishment of various policies, guidelines, and manuals to ensure compliance with all applicable legislation, rules, codes of conduct, industry standards, and guidelines issued by the relevant regulatory authorities, which govern the Group’s operations - Formulation of, and adherence to, the Group Compliance Risk Management Manual, which outlines a systematic approach to the management of compliance risk, including a framework for compliance risk identification, assessment, monitoring, mitigation, and control, thereby enabling the Bank Group to manage its compliance risk effectively - Conduct of independent regulatory compliance reviews on major functions of the Bank using a riskbased approach Technology Risk of loss to the Group due to inadequate or failed technical processes, people, and / or computing systems, or unauthorised access or disruption to technology resources, in particular relating to cyber security and e-banking - Establishment of a technology risk management framework, supported by comprehensive control policies, standards, guidelines, and procedures - Adoption of control measures relating to the security of internet systems and applications, customer authentication, risk assessment for new products and services, and confidentiality and integrity of information Business Continuity Risk of loss arising from business d i s r u p t i o n s i n t h e e v e n t o f a n incident or crisis. Business disruption could be caused by the loss of staff members, information technology and telecommunication systems, premises, key service providers, vital records, etc. - Establishment of comprehensive policies, guidelines, and manuals - The conducting of business impact analysis and development of business continuity plans by all individual functional units of the Bank Group - Performing annual drills to test preparedness and effectiveness of business continuity plans New Product and Business Risk of loss due to insufficient preassessment of significant potential risks introduced to the Group, which arise from the launch of new products, the structural change of existing products, and the establishment of new business operations (i.e. through the establishment of a new subsidiary and / or merger & acquisition). The significant potential risks include Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk, Liquidity Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Legal Risk, Technology Risk, Compliance Risk, Strategic Risk, Reputation Risk, and Business Continuity Risk. - Establishment of a robust risk governance structure, supported by comprehensive control guidelines and procedures - A structured process, which ensures that before initiating a new product or business, the potential significant risks are duly assessed, documented, and approved. It also facilitates Senior Management’s oversight of new products and businesses. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 37 风险 说明 管理措施 法律 出现合约未能执行、诉讼或不利审判 的情形，可能对本集团的日常运作或 财务状况造成扰乱或负面影响而导致 损失的风险 - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册 - 提供由合资格内部人员及/或外聘律师/专业人士讲 解的适当培训课程，并定期提醒员工 - 谘询合资格内部人士，并於必要及适当的情况下徵 询具备相应专业知识的外聘律师包括大律师及资深 大律师的意见 合规 因法律及监管制裁、罚金或罚款、财 务损失，或因未能遵守适用於本集团 银行业务的法例、规例、规则、相关 自律组织标准及行为守则，而导致本 集团损失的风险 - 制定各项政策、指引及手册，确保遵守所有适用法 例、规则、行为守则、行业标准及有关监管机构发 出的规管本集团营运的指引 - 制定并遵从集团合规风险管理手册，该手册载录对 合规风险实施系统化管理的方法，包括识别、评 估、监控、缓减及控制合规风险的机制，藉此令本 集团有效地管理合规风险 - 采用风险为本的方式对本行主要职能进行独立合规 监察审查 科技 因技术程序、人员及/或计算系统不足 或出现故障；或因未经授权使用或破 坏技术资源（尤其在涉及网络安全及 电子银行时）导致本集团损失的风险 - 建立科技风险管理机制，并以全面的控制政策、标 准、指引及程序确保其实施 - 采纳与网络系统及应用程式安全、客户身份验证、 新产品及服务风险评估、以及资料保密及完整性相 关的控制措施 持续业务运作 事件或危机发生时业务中断导致损失 的风险。业务中断可能由员工、资讯 科技及电讯系统、行址、主要服务提 供者、关键记录等相关损失而引致 - 制定全面的政策、指引及手册 - 本集团所有个别职能单位进行业务影响分析及制定 业务持续规划 - 每年演习测试业务持续规划是否备妥及有效 新产品及业务 本集团在新产品推出、现有产品结构 性变动及新业务运作（即透过设立新 附属公司及/或合并及收购）时，未充 分预先评估其重大潜在风险，而导致 本集团损失的风险。此等重大潜在风 险包括信贷风险、市场风险、营运风 险、流动资金风险、利率风险、法律 风险、科技风险、合规风险、策略性 风险、信誉风险及持续业务运作风险。 - 建立稳健风险管治架构，并以全面的控制指引及程 序确保其实施 - 透过规范好的程序，确保在推出新产品或业务前对 潜在重大风险作出适当评估、记录及审批。此外， 这亦有助高级管理层监督新产品及业务。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 38 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Principal Uncertainties The key uncertainties facing the Group in 2017 and the mitigating measures are set out below: Uncertainty Description Mitigating Measures Economic conditions in the Group’s major markets The Group’s major markets are Hong Kong and Mainland China. Downturn in economic conditions in the major markets can adversely affect: - the financial conditions and repayment ability of borrowers; - personal consumption and customer demand for banking products; and - collateral values. The US Federal Reserve’s decision to raise interest rates may impact customers’ debt-servicing ability and property prices. In particular, the timing, frequency, and magnitude of US rate hikes may increase uncertainties concerning the pace of global economic recovery, asset prices, and the foreign exchange market. - The business strategies take into consideration changing economic conditions. - E c o n o m i c t re n d s a re c l o s e l y monitored. - The suitability of risk management policies and controls are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Legal and regulatory changes In view of the increasingly complex operating environment, legal and regulatory requirements are becoming more stringent, which may impact the Group’s business strategies, operations, funding, and capital management. - The Group keeps abreast of legal and regulatory developments. - The Group reviews consultation papers on new laws and regulations to assess their impact on the Group. Where appropriate, the Group will provide input to the regulators both directly and through industry groups. External fraud External fraud has become more sophisticated and more difficult to prevent in a digital environment. - Control measures have been formulated to detect and prevent fraud. - The control measures are reviewed and enhanced on an ongoing basis, taking into consideration the causes of external fraud incidents and the changing technological environment. Foreign exchange rate movement A major challenge for the Group in 2017 is the persistently strong US dollar. In particular, the market expectation of more interest rate hikes, the policy positioning of the new US President, and the fear of economic uncertainty following Brexit will increase volatility in foreign currency markets. In addition, slower economic growth in China and the abrupt devaluation of the RMB have unnerved market sentiment, with some expecting the RMB to enter a period of high volatility. Unexpected fluctuations in foreign exchange rates could affect: - the value of the Group’s foreign currency and capital positions; and - the wealth of the Group’s customers and their repayment ability; it will also affect counterparty credit exposure of the derivative transactions. - The Group closely monitors exchange rate movements and has laid down policies to manage currency risk. - Regular stress tests are conducted to assess the impact of exchange rate movements on profit and loss and capital adequacy. - The Group closely observes market movements. The Group will monitor its businesses in China and regularly review the profile of customers with exposure to China and the RMB. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 39 主要不明朗因素 本集团於2017年将面对的主要不明朗因素及其纾缓措施载列如下： 不明朗因素 说明 纾缓措施 本集团主要 业务市场的 经济状况 本集团的主要业务市场为香港与中国内地。 主要业务市场的经济状况下滑或会对以下造成负面 影响： - 借款人的财务状况及还款能力； - 个人消费及客户对银行产品的需求；及 - 抵押品的价值。 美国联邦储备局上调利率的决定可能对客户供款能力 及物业价格造成冲击。其中，美国上调息率的时间、 频率及幅度可能会令全球经济复苏步伐、资产价格及 外汇市场更添不明朗因素。 - 业务策略中加入经济状况考量。 - 密切监察经济趋势。 - 持续检讨风险管理政策及监控的 适当性。 法律和监管上 的变动 监於营商环境越趋复杂，法律及监管规定变得更严 格，因而可能对本集团的业务策略、业务经营、资金 筹集及资本管理造成影响。 - 本集团密切留意有关法律和监管 的发展情况。 - 本集团检视新订法例及规例的谘 询文件以评估该等法例及规例对 本 集 团 的 影 响。 在 适 当 的 情 况 下，本集团将直接或透过行业团 体向监管机构提供意见。 外部诈骗 外部诈骗手段变得更加复杂，在数码化环境下可能更 加难以预防。 - 制定监控措施以侦察并预防诈骗。 - 持续检讨及改善监控措施，并会 将外部诈骗事件原委及科技环境 的改变纳入考虑之内。 汇率变动 美元持续走强是本集团於 2017年面临的一项主要挑 战。尤其随着市场预期美国息率上调次数增加、新任 美国总统的政策定位，以及英国公投「脱欧」而引发对 经济不明朗的担忧，外币市场将更加波动。 另外，中国经济增长放缓，以及人民币突然大幅贬 值，均造成紧张不安的市场情绪，更预期人民币将步 入高波动时代。 不能预期的汇率波动或影响： - 本集团外币持仓及资本的价值；及 - 本集团客户的财富状况及还款能力；汇率变动亦将 影响衍生工具交易中的交易对手信贷承担。 - 本集团密切监察汇率变动，并已 制定政策以管理货币风险。 - 定期进行压力测试，以评估汇率 变动对损益及对资本充裕程度的 影响。 - 本集团紧贴市场变动。本集团将 深入监察其中国业务，定期检讨 具中国及人民币风险承担的客户 组合。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 40 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Certificates of Deposit, Debt Securities Issued, and Loan Capital In 2016, BEA issued floating rate certificates of deposit and debt securities with a face value of US$275 million; fixed rate certificates of deposit and debt securities with a face value of HK$3,990 million, US$928 million, CNY1,050 million, GBP278 million, and SGD50 million; and zero coupon certificates of deposit and debt securities with a face value of HK$2,923 million, US$1,652 million, CNY3,400 million, GBP36 million, and EUR436 million. The Group redeemed certificates of deposit and debt securities amounting to HK$56,185 million equivalent upon maturity. At the end of December 2016, the face value of the outstanding certificates of deposit and debt securities issued was equivalent to HK$36,067 million, with a carrying amount equivalent to HK$36,011 million. Maturity Profile of Certificates of Deposit and Debt Securities Issued As at 31st December, 2016 (All expressed in millions of dollars) Total Year of Maturity Face Value 2017 2018 2019 Floating Rate HKD 300 300 USD 325 325 Fixed Rate (Note) HKD 5,554 4,571 683 300 USD 1,498 1,463 35 CNY 450 450 GBP 128 128 SGD 100 100 Zero Coupon HKD 1,942 1,942 USD 1,062 1,062 CNY 3,255 3,255 Total Certificates of Deposit and Debt Securities issued in HKD equivalent 36,067 34,812 955 300 Note: Associated interest rate swaps have been arranged in order to manage interest rate risk from long-term certificates of deposit and debt securities issued, if deemed necessary. In 2016, BEA issued fixed rate loan capital with a face value of US$500 million. At the end of December 2016, the face value of the outstanding loan capital issued was equivalent to HK$20,568 million, with a carrying amount equivalent to HK$20,608 million. 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 41 已发行存款证及债务证券的年期 於2016年12月31日 （以百万元位列示） 到期年份 总面值 2017 2018 2019 浮息 港元 300 300 美元 325 325 定息（附注） 港元 5,554 4,571 683 300 美元 1,498 1,463 35 人民币 450 450 英镑 128 128 新加坡元 100 100 零息 港元 1,942 1,942 美元 1,062 1,062 人民币 3,255 3,255 所有已发行存款证及债务证券 （港元等值） 36,067 34,812 955 300 附注： 已就管理已发行长期存款证及债务证券附带的利率风险安排认为必要的相关利率掉期。 2016年，本行发行了面值为5亿美元的定息借贷资本。 於2016年12月底，已发行的借贷资本面值相等於港币205.68亿元，账面值则相等於港币206.08亿元。 已发行存款证、债务证券及借贷资本 2016年，本行发行了面值为 2.75亿美元的浮息存款 证及债务证券；面值为港币39.90亿元、9.28亿美元、 人民币 10.50亿元、2.78亿英镑及 5,000万新加坡元 的定息存款证及债务证券；以及面值为港币29.23亿 元、16.52亿美元、人民币 34.00亿元、3,600万英镑 及4.36亿欧元的零息存款证及债务证券。本集团於到 期时赎回的各类存款证及债务证券达等值港币561.85 亿元。 於2016年12月底，已发行在外的存款证及债务证券 面值相等於港币 360.67亿元，账面值则相等於港币 360.11亿元。 REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 42 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 Maturity Profile of Loan Capital As at 31st December, 2016 (All expressed in millions of dollars) Total Year of Maturity Face Value 2020 2022 2024 2026 USD (Notes 1, 2 & 3) 2,100 600 500 500 500 SGD (Note 4) 800 800 Total Loan Capital issued in HKD equivalent 20,568 4,653 8,161 3,877 3,877 Notes: 1. The US$500 million loan capital that matures in 2022 will be callable on 4th May, 2017. 2. The US$500 million loan capital that matures in 2024 will be callable on 20th November, 2019. 3. The US$500 million loan capital that matures in 2026 will be callable on 3rd November, 2021. 4. Callable on 13th September, 2017. COMPLIANCE Compliance is an integral part of the Group’s corporate governance. BEA is acutely aware of the potential risks of regulatory non-compliance, which could lead to legal or regulatory sanctions, supervisory actions or financial penalties imposed by regulators, financial losses, and / or the loss of reputation to the Group (i.e. compliance risk). To address the growing compliance requirements, the Compliance Division is discharged with the responsibility of overseeing the regulatory compliance framework and monitoring the compliance risks for the Group; communicating new regulatory requirements to affected units; delivering compliance advice for the implementation of relevant regulations; conducting regulatory compliance reviews on a risk-based approach; and regularly reporting compliance matters to the Group’s management committees. Any significant compliance issues, including those related to anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing, are also reported to the Risk Committee and the Board of Directors via the Operational Risk Management Committee. Through the support of the Risk and Compliance function established in the Bank’s business, functional, and operations units, which act as the first line of defence against regulatory non-compliance, a comprehensive and efficient compliance risk management framework is maintained within the Group. In view of the increasing demand on banks to comply with new and tighter regulations, including those related to anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing; the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act of the United States of America; new legislation in Hong Kong for implementing the new international standard on the automatic exchange of financial account information in tax matters; as well as requirements for crossborder business, personal data protection, insurance and investment products sales practices, BEA expects compliance requirements to remain unavoidably high in the coming years. David LI Kwok-po Chairman & Chief Executive Hong Kong, 17th February, 2017 行 政 总 裁 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 报 告 书（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 43 借贷资本的年期 於2016年12月31日 （以百万元位列示） 到期年份 总面值 2020 2022 2024 2026 美元（附注1,2及3） 2,100 600 500 500 500 新加坡元（附注4） 800 800 所有已发行借贷资本（港元等值） 20,568 4,653 8,161 3,877 3,877 附注： 1. 将於2022年到期的5亿美元借贷资本於2017年5月4日可赎回。 2. 将於2024年到期的5亿美元借贷资本於2019年11月20日可赎回。 3. 将於2026年到期的5亿美元借贷资本於2021年11月3日可赎回。 4. 於2017年9月13日可赎回。 合规 合规乃本集团企业管治的重要组成元素。本行确切理 解因违反监管要求而引致的潜在合规风险，其中包括 法律及监管制裁、监管机构作出的监管行动或经济惩 罚，财务损失、及/或对本集团之信誉损害（即合规 风险）。 为应付不断发展的合规要求，合规处负责监察合规架 构及监察本集团面对的合规风险、传达新监管规定要 求至有关单位、为落实各合规要求提供建议、以风险 为本的方针进行合规监察审查，及定期向本集团管理 委员会汇报合规事宜。就任何重要合规事宜，包括有 关打击洗钱及反恐怖主义融资之事宜，亦会由营运风 险管理委员会向风险委员会及董事会作出汇报。透过 本行於各业务，职能及营运单位内设置的风险及合规 功能作为确保合规的第一道防线，本集团得以维持一 个全面及有效的合规风险管理架构。 监於银行需要遵守的新订立及加强规管要求日趋增 加，其中包括与反洗钱及反恐怖主义融资相关的规 定；美国《海外账户税收合规法案》；香港关於实施就 税务事宜自动交换金融账户资料的新国际标准的新规 定；以及跨境业务、个人资料保护、销售保险及投资 产品之相关规定，本行预期在未来就合规的有关要求 将无可避免地维持於高水平。 主席兼行政总裁 李 国 宝 香港，2017年2月17日 BIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS OF DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT 董 事 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 的 个 人 资 料 44 | The Bank of East Asia, Limited | Annual Report 2016 DIRECTORS 董事 Dr. the Hon. Sir David LI Kwok-po GBM, GBS, OBE, JP, MA Cantab. (Economics & Law), Hon. LLD (Cantab), Hon. DSc. (Imperial), Hon. LLD (Warwick), Hon. DBA (Edinburgh Napier), Hon. D.Hum.Litt. (Trinity, USA), Hon. LLD (Hong Kong), Hon. DSocSc (Lingnan), Hon. DLitt (Macquarie), Hon. DSocSc (CUHK), FCA, FCPA, FCPA (Aust.), FCIB, FHKIB, FBCS, CITP, FCIArb, Officier de l’Ordre de la Couronne, Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity, The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon, Commandeur dans l’Ordre National de la Légion d’Honneur Chairman & Chief Executive and Member of the Nomination Committee Sir David, aged 78, joined the Bank in 1969. He was appointed a Director in 1977, Chief Executive in 1981, Deputy Chairman in 1995 and Chairman in 1997. Sir David is the Chairman or a Director of various members of the Bank Group, and he is also the Chairman or a Member of various board committees of the Bank and its Group members. Sir David is an Independent Non-executive Director of Guangdong Investment Limited, The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited, The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited, PCCW Limited, San Miguel Brewery Hong Kong Limited and Vitasoy International Holdings Limited. He is also a Director of Hong Kong Interbank Clearing Limited. He was a Director of CaixaBank, S.A. (listed in Spain) and an Independent Non-executive Director of SCMP Group Limited (now known as Great Wall Pan Asia Holdings Limited). Sir David is a Member of the Council of the Treasury Markets Association. He is Founding Chairman of The Friends of Cambridge University in Hong Kong Limited, Chairman of the Advisory Board of The Salvation Army, Hong Kong and Macau Command and Chairman of the Executive Committee of St. James’ Settlement. He was a Member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1985 to 2012. Sir David is the brother of Professor Arthur LI Kwok-cheung, the cousin of Mr. Aubrey LI Kwok-sing and Mr. Stephen Charles LI Kwok-sze, and the father of Mr. Adrian David LI Man-kiu and Mr. Brian David LI Man-bun. 李国宝爵士 GBM, GBS, OBE, JP, MA Cantab. (Economics & Law), Hon. LLD (Cantab), Hon. DSc. (Imperial), Hon. LLD (Warwick), Hon. DBA (Edinburgh Napier), Hon. D.Hum.Litt. (Trinity, USA), Hon. LLD (Hong Kong), Hon. DSocSc (Lingnan), Hon. DLitt (Macquarie), Hon. DSocSc (CUHK), FCA, FCPA, FCPA (Aust.), FCIB, FHKIB, FBCS, CITP, FCIArb, Officier de l’Ordre de la Couronne, Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity, The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon, Commandeur dans l’Ordre National de la Légion d’Honneur 主席兼行政总裁及提名委员会委员 李爵士，现年 78岁，在 1969年加入本行、 1977年任董事、1981年任行政总裁、1995年 任副主席、继而於 1997年获委任为主席。 李爵士亦出任本集团内其他公司的主席或董 事，以及本行董事会及多个集团成员董事会 辖下委员会之主席或委员。 李爵士是粤海投资有限公司、香港中华煤气 有限公司、香港上海大酒店有限公司、电讯 盈科有限公司、香港生力啤酒厂有限公司及 维他奶国际集团有限公司之独立非执行董 事。他亦为香港银行同业结算有限公司之董 事。他曾出任 CaixaBank, S.A.（在西班牙上 市）之董事及南华早报集团有限公司（现称 为长城环亚控股有限公司）之独立非执行 董事。 李爵士是财资市场公会的议会成员。他是剑 桥之友香港有限公司之创立主席、救世军港 澳军区顾问委员会主席及圣雅各福群会执行 委员会主席。他在1985年至 2012年期间曾 出任香港立法会议员。 李爵士是李国章教授之胞兄、李国星先生及 李国仕先生之堂兄、李民桥先生及李民斌先 生之父亲。 BIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS OF DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) 董 事 及 高 层 管 理 人 员 的 个 人 资 料（ 续 ） 东 亚 银 行 有 限 公 司 | 2016 年 报 | 45 Professor Arthur LI Kwok-cheung GBS, MA, MD, M.B.B.Chir (Cantab), DSc (Hon), DLitt (Hon), Hon DSc (Med), LLD (Hon), Hon Doc (Soka), FRCS (Eng & Edin), FRACS, Hon FACS, Hon FRCS (Glasg & I), Hon FRSM, Hon FPCS, Hon FCSHK, Hon FRCP (Lond), JP Deputy Chairman, Non-executive Director and Member of the Risk Committee Professor Li, aged 71, was a Director of the Bank (1995-2002) and was re-appointed a Director in 2008 and was appointed a Deputy Chairman in 2009. Professor Li is a Member of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (“HKSAR”) (he was also a Member during 2002 to June 2007). He is a Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Professor Li is also the Chairman of the Council for Sustainable Development of the Government of HKSAR and the Chairman of the Council of the University of Hong Kong. Professor Li is an Independent Non-executive Director of ShangriLa Asia Limited and Nature Home Holding Company Limited, and a Non-executive Director (from May 2010 to December 2014, and was re-appointed on 20th January, 2016) of BioDiem Ltd. (delisted from Australian Securities Exchange in November 2013). He was a NonIndependent Non-executive Director of AFFIN Holdings Berhad (listed in Malaysia) and a Director of CaixaBank, S.A. (listed in Spain). Professor Li was the Secretary for Education and Manpower of the Government of HKSAR (2002-June 2007). Before these appointments, he was the Vice Chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (1996-2002) and was the Chairman of Department of Surgery and the Dean of Faculty of Medicine of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Professor Li had held many important positions in various social service organisations, medical associations, and educational bodies, including the Education Commission, Committee on Science and Technology, the Hospital Authority, the Hong Kong Medical Council, the University Grants Committee, the College of Surgeons of Hong Kong, and the United Christian Medical Services Board. He was a Member of the Board of Directors of the Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation and the Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute, and Vice President of the Association of University Presidents of China. He was a Hong Kong Affairs Adviser to China. Professor Li is the brother of Dr. the Hon. Sir David LI Kwok-po, the cousin of Mr. Aubrey LI Kwok-sing and Mr. Stephen Charles LI Kwok-sze, and the uncle of Mr. Adrian David LI Man-kiu and Mr. Brian David LI Man-bun. 李国章教授 GBS, MA, MD, M.B.B.Chir (Cantab), DSc (Hon), DLitt (Hon), Hon DSc (Med), LLD (Hon), Hon Doc (Soka), FRCS (Eng & Edin), FRACS, Hon FACS, Hon FRCS (Glasg & I), Hon FRSM, Hon FPCS, Hon FCSHK, Hon FRCP (Lond), JP 副主席，非执行董事及风险委员会委员 李教授，现年71岁，曾任本行董事（ 1995年 至 2002年）及在 2008年再获委任为本行董 事，并於2009年获委任为副主席。 李教授是香港特别行政区行政会议成员（他 在2002年至2007年6月亦曾出任此职）。他 是中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会委员。 李教授亦是香港特别行政区可持续发展委员 会主席及香港大学校务委员会主席。 李教授现为香格里拉（亚洲）有限公司及大 自然家居控股有限公司之独立非执行董事 及BioDiem Ltd.（已於2013年11月在澳洲证 券交易所除牌）之非执行董事（ 2010年 5月 至 2014 年 12 月，并於 2016 年 1 月 20 日再 获委任）。他曾出任 AFFIN Holdings Berhad （在马来西亚上市）之非独立非执行董事及 CaixaBank, S.A.（在西班牙上市）之董事。 李教授曾任香港特别行政区教育及统筹局 局长（ 2002年至 2007年 6月）。在此之前， 他亦曾出任香港中文大学校长（ 1996 年至 2002年），以及香港中文大学医学院外科学 系主任和医学院院长。 李教授曾於多个社会服务机构、医务及教育 组织担任重要职位，其中包括教育统筹委员 会、科技委员会、香港医院管理局、香港医 务委员会、大学教育资助委员会、香港外科 医学院，以及基督教联合医院医务协会董事 会。他亦曾任香港科技园及香港应用科技研 究有限公司董事、中国大学校长联谊会副会 长，以及港事顾问。 李教授是李国宝爵士之胞弟、李国星先生及 李国仕先生之堂兄、李民桥先生及李民斌先 生之叔父。